台风暴雨矿渣型泥石流形成机制与动力特征——以兴宁乌石坑沟泥石流为例  

Formation mechanism and dynamic characteristics ofmine-slag debris flow in typhoon rainstorm---Take Wushikeng gully in Xingning as an example

作　　者：黄家华 冯文凯[2] HUANG Jiahua;FENG Wenkai(Guangxi Traffic Engineering Inspection Co.,Ltd,Nanning,530299;Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,610059)

机构地区：[1]广西交通工程检测有限公司,南宁530299 [2]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都610059

出　　处：《地质论评》2023年第4期1387-1397,共11页Geological Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:41977252,U2005205);地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室自主探索课题(编号:SKLGP2020Z001)的成果~~。

摘　　要：受台风“尤特”登陆影响,台风暴雨直接激发兴宁乌石坑沟特大矿渣型泥石流灾害,物源巨大,潜在危害极大。笔者等通过现场调绘及室内试验,对本次泥石流的形成机制及动力特征进行研究,旨在为此类泥石流致灾机理及危害性评价提供借鉴。研究表明,其独特的流域地形特点为泥石流形成的基本因素,以沟道堆积物为主的丰富矿渣型物源是基础条件,高强度的台风暴雨是直接激发因素,与矿山开采、矿渣随意堆放等人为因素共同作用扩大了灾害规模。泥石流形成过程与动力特征为前期强降雨—崩滑碎屑流—矿渣型泥石流—台风暴雨—沟道堵塞雍高—溃决、规模放大。Objectives: Typhoon rainstorm is an important rainfall type that induces geological disasters in the coastalareas of South China. Affected by the landfall of typhoon “Utor”, the typhoon rain directly triggered the extralargeslag-type debris flow disaster in Wushikeng Gully in Xingning, which caused huge material sources and greatpotential harm. At present, the research on the slag debris flow in typhoon and rainstorm is still at the initial stage,mainly focusing on its formation mechanism, disaster characteristics and other aspects. There are problems such asnarrow research scope, single method and few achievements. Therefore, it is of great significance to study theformation mechanism and dynamic characteristics of the slag debris flow in typhoon and rainstorm for the disastermechanism and hazard evaluation of such debris flow.Methods: We collected, sorted and analyzed the geological environment background. The Wushikeng Valleyin Xingning is a typical typhoon-rainstorm-landslide-debris flow disaster chain area, which is a high incidencearea of debris flow. The volume and physical and mechanical parameters of the material source were exploredthrough measurement, drilling, density and particle grading in-situ tests and laboratory tests. The channel depositsaccounted for 81. 9% of the total material source. In combination with the material composition and deformation anddamage characteristics of the slag pile, the stability of the slag pile was calculated and evaluated by the slicemethod. We collected and analyzed the rainfall data during the typhoon period. The rainfall and rainfall intensity exceeded the critical rainfall index for triggering debris flow in the region. Calculated the dynamic characteristicparameters of debris flow such as flow velocity, flow rate and fluid impact force and their change rules, furtheranalyzed the characteristics of debris flow movement and accumulation process, and quantitatively analyze andevaluate the debris flow activity trend from the aspects of debris flow activity durati

关 键 词：矿渣泥石流 台风暴雨 形成机制 动力特征 广东兴宁铁山嶂矿区 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]