有岛武郎《迷路》中的种族身份困境与重构  

The Racial Identity Dilemma and Way out of Meiro

作　　者：李圣杰 江一帆 Li Shengjie;Jiang Yifan(Wuhan University,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学外国语言文学学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2023年第3期54-61,共8页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：种族身份是有岛武郎自传体小说《迷路》的主题,主人公A在异国文化里不觉陷入身份认同的困境。虽为黄种人,却想揭去黄色人种的标签,融入白人世界,甚至试图通过与白人结合以达到摆脱身份困扰之目的,结果事与愿违,被拒绝在白人世界之外。这种白人身份价值取向中的排他性和中心论,与同化背后日本人的自卑心理、主体意识缺失发生对撞,使主人公在种族身份认同的痛苦中煎熬。在这种帝国主义作家的反种族主义意识中,透射出白人中心主义和日本人“黄皮白心”的文化心理特性。主人公在身份认同的自卑中又不乏本国民族的优越感,而这种优越感体现在对黑人与犹太人的歧视言论中。作品反种族主义意识的自相矛盾是《迷路》的精神困顿,亦是日本民族难以走出文化心理闭环的难题。Racial identity is the theme of Takeo Arishima's autobiographical novel Meiro,in which the protagonist A is unconsciously caught up in the dilemma of identity in a foreign culture.Although he identifies himself as a"yellow person",he wants to remove any outward behaviors or suggestions of this racial identity,integrate into the perceived"white world",and even try to get rid of the trouble of identity by assimilating with"white people".But this effort backfires,and he is rejected from the"white world".The exclusivity and centrism in this depiction of"white identity"collide with the self-assessed inferiority complex of A and the believed lack of a Japanese subjective consciousness in assimilation,making the protagonist suffer in the pain of racial identity.However,the anti-racist consciousness of writers at this time reveals the racist cultural and psychological characteristics of"white-centrism"and the Japanese"yellow skin but white heart"racist trope.The protagonist's inferiority in identity is also not lacking in the depicted superiority of his own nation,and this superiority is reflected in the discriminatory rhetoric used against"blacks"and"Jews".The contradiction of the anti-racism consciousness of the work is the spiritual difficulty of Meiro,and it is also an indication of the difficult problem for the Japanese nation at that time to escape the closed loop of cultural psychology.

关 键 词：有岛武郎 迷路 身份 种族歧视 

分 类 号：I313.074[文学—其他各国文学]