全球科技治理中国际科技组织的发展与运作机制:模式演进与路径重构  

Development and Operation Mechanisms of International Science and Technology Organizations in Global Science and Technology Governance:Model Evolution and Path Reconstruction

作　　者：杨理伟 Yang Liwei(School of International Relations and Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,上海200433

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第12期239-249,共11页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会“科技创新行动计划”软科学重点项目“上海市引进和发起高水平国际科技组织的策略研究”(21692102400)。

摘　　要：针对当前全球科技治理集体行动困境凸显现状,关注全球科技治理中国际科技组织的发展与运作机制,采用文献调研法,基于元动因分析探讨国际科技组织治理模式形成和演进过程。分析表明,国际科技组织在全球科技治理进程中经历了多个阶段,从专业化科技社团的单一内部治理、制度扩散之下的多边治理,到融合多元行为体和多维治理机制的复合治理,在复合治理的背景下组织间互动频繁,呈现出交叉性、联合性和整体性的突出特点。究其演进动因,既源于全球科技治理的专业性制度需求,也得益于国际科技组织自身的制度能力。然而,国际科技组织在参与全球科技治理的进程中依然受制于独立性较弱、参与主体价值诉求差异、科技治理权力结构不均衡等诸多因素的影响。为此,未来重构国际科技组织治理的新路径,需要推动自上而下的联合国机制实现渐进有序参与,同时以自下而上的治理创新形成全球科技治理的组织合力,使国际科技组织间合作的新范式为全球科技治理提供新的治理理念、方案与治理机制。面对当前内外部发展环境与发展条件的深刻变化,中国也需通过密切发展与国际科技组织的关系、引进和发起高水平国际科技组织、建成具有全球影响力的国际科技创新中心等举措,积极运用国际科技组织的途径参与全球科技谈判与治理。In view of the current predicament of collective action in global science and technology governance,thispaper focuses on the development and operation mechanism of international science and technology organizations in the global science and technology governance,and adopts the literature research method to discuss the formation and evolution process of the governance model of international science and technology organizations.The analysis shows that,the evolution of the governance process of international science and technology organizations has gone through several stages,from a single internal governance of professional science and technology associations and multilateral governance under the proliferation of institutions,to a composite governance that combines multiple actors and multidimensional governance mechanisms,and in the background of multidimensional governance,frequent interaction between organizations,showing the prominent characteristics of crossover,union and integrity.The cause of this evolution stems not only from the professional institutional needs of global science and technology governance,but also from the institutional capabilities of international science and technology organizations themselves.However,the participation of international science and technology organizations in the process of global science and technology governance is still affected by a number of factors,such as weak independence,differences in the values and demands of participating actors,and uneven power structures in science and technology governance.In this regard,the new path to restructuring the governance of international science and technology organizations in the future needs to promote the gradual and orderly participation in the top-down United Nations mechanism,and at the same time form an organizational synergy in global science and technology governance through bottom-up governance innovation,so that the new paradigm of cooperation among international science and technology organizations can provide a new g

关 键 词：国际科技组织 全球科技治理 复合治理 国际组织间合作 科技社团 科技全球化 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]