2017-2022年内蒙古自治区麻疹流行病学和病毒学特征  

Epidemiological and virological characteristics of measles in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2017 to 2022

作　　者：宋慧 杨璐 于璐 田晓灵 Song Hui;Yang Lu;Yu Lu;Tian Xiaoling(Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010031,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot 010059,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010059

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2023年第3期320-325,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：成人麻疹病例的比例升高发病机理和排毒期研究(201702043)。

摘　　要：目的 分析内蒙古自治区麻疹流行病学和病毒学特征。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2017-2022年内蒙古自治区麻疹报告发病数据,采集病例咽拭子标本进行麻疹病毒(Measles virus, MV)分离和基因型鉴定,描述性分析麻疹流行特征和MV基因型。结果 2017-2022年内蒙古自治区共报告麻疹383例,年均发病率为0.26/10万,发病率从2017年的0.31/10万降至2022年的0.16/10万,<8月龄、8-23月龄、2-6岁、7-14岁、15-35岁、>35岁病例数分别占总病例数的3.66%、53.26%、21.67%、6.53%、12.27%、2.61%。共获得12株MV,其中2017年4株为H1a亚型,2019-2022年8株为A基因型(疫苗株)。结论 2017-2022年内蒙古自治区麻疹发病呈下降趋势,以8月龄-6岁儿童为主,自2019年起未发现本土麻疹流行。Objective To analyze epidemiological and virological characteristics of measles in Inner Mongolia.MethodsWe obtained data on reported measles incidences in Inner Mongolia between 2017 and 2022 from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and collected pharyngeal swab samples from measles cases for measles virus(MV)isolation and genotype identification.We conducted descriptive analyses of measles epidemiological characteristics and MV genotypes.ResultsA total of 383 measles cases were reported in Inner Mongolia from 2017 to 2022,yielding an average annual incidence of 0.26 per 100000 population.The annual incidence per 100000 decreased from 0.31 in 2017 to 0.16 in 2022.Among all cases,<8-month-olds,8-23-month-olds,2-6-,7-14-,15-35-,and>35-year-olds accounted for 3.66%,53.26%,21.67%,6.53%,12.27%,and 2.61%,respectively.Twelve MV strains were isolated,including 4 strains of H1a genotype in 2017 and 8 strains of A genotype(vaccine strain)in 2019-2022.ConclusionsThe incidence of measles decreased from 2017 to 2022 in Inner Mongolia with the highest incidence among children aged 8 months to 6 years.No indigenous wild-type MV strains were found during or after 2019.

关 键 词：麻疹 麻疹病毒 基因型 流行特征 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]