衡水湖近年景观格局动态变化分析  

Analysis of the dynamic change of landscape pattern of Hengshui lake in recent years

作　　者：范仪 郄志红[1] 孙中孚 吴竞 吴鑫淼[1] FAN Yi;QIE Zhihong;SUN Zhongfu;WU Jing;WU Xinmiao(College of Urban and Rural Construction,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Baoding Water Supply Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 072150,China;Tianjin Jishui Engineering Consulting Center Company,Tianjin 300250,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学城乡建设学院,河北保定071001 [2]保定市供水有限公司,河北保定072150 [3]天津市冀水工程咨询中心有限公司,天津300250

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2023年第4期83-90,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省水利科研和推广计划项目(2021-48).

摘　　要：为探明衡水湖自然保护区近10年的景观格局变化,选择2009、2014、2019年的遥感影像,采用动态度、景观指数以及转移矩阵等方法对衡水湖的景观格局进行动态分析。结果表明:(1)农田、居民点、林地、水体是较为活跃的因子,其余用地类型波动较小。水体作为主要景观,面积逐年增加,2019年达到35.9 km^(2),破碎度下降,并造成河道林地以及芦苇沼泽面积的减少,林地从29.96 km^(2)减小到21.18 km^(2),呈现集中化发展,芦苇沼泽转出面积的71%转换为水体;而农田面积从116.14 km^(2)减少到106.01 km^(2),破碎度增加;居民点面积从21.3 km^(2)上升到35.9 km^(2),景观优势度增加。(2)2009—2014年间保护区景观格局变化的波动性较大,2014—2019年逐渐趋向于稳定。(3)持续的生态补水、城乡基础设施建设、以及节水压采等措施的实施是近年景观格局演变的主要驱动因素。建议衡水湖自然保护区管理关注后期开发、增加鸟类生境,保持补水水量及其均衡分布。In order to ascertain the landscape pattern changes in the Hengshui Lake Nature Reserve in the past 10 years,the remote sensing images of 2009,2014,and 2019 were selected for the analysis of dynamics,landscape index,and transfer matrix.The results showed that the active factors included the farm land,residential areas,forest land and water bodies,while the other land types fluctuated less.As the main landscape,the area of water body has increased year by year reaching to 35.9 km^(2) in 2019,which decreased the degree of fragmentation and the areas of river forest land and reed swamp.The area of forest land has decreased from 29.96 km^(2) to 21.18 km^(2) with a centralized development.71%of the decreased reed swamp land turned into water bodies.The area of farmland has decreased from 116.14 km^(2) to 106.01 km^(2) with an increase of the fragmentation degree.The residential areas has increased from 21.3 km^(2) to 35.9 km^(2) where the degree of landscape dominance has increased.The landscape pattern of the protected area fluctuated greatly during 2009—2014,and became stable gradually during 2014—2019.The main driving factors for the evolution of landscape patterns in recent years include the implementation of continuous ecological water replenishment, urban and rural infrastructure construction and the measures for water-saving and groundwater overexploitation control. It is recommended that attentions should be paid to the following development, increase of bird habitats and the supply and balance of the maintain water for the management of Hengshui Nature Reserve.

关 键 词：景观格局 衡水湖 景观指数 遥感 

分 类 号：S273.3[农业科学—农业水土工程] X171.1[农业科学—农业工程]