多向加载旋转挤压成形技术及装备  

Multi-directional Loading Rotary Extrusion Forming Technology and Equipment

作　　者：张治民 李国俊[1] 王强 于建民 薛勇[1,2] 陈喆 ZHANG Zhimin;LI Guojun;WANG Qiang;YU Jianmin;XUE Yong;CHEN Zhe(Innovation Center of Science and Technology Industry of National Defense for Complex Component Extrusion Forming Technology,Taiyuan 030051;School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051)

机构地区：[1]国防科技工业复杂构件挤压成形技术创新中心,太原030051 [2]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第12期264-271,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：大型薄壁高筋构件是实现产品极限轻量化的典型结构件,其整体成形存诸多难题。针对高性能大型薄壁内环高筋类轻质构件精确塑性成形的需求,首次提出了将直线运动与旋转运动相匹配,主动增加强剪切变形的多向加载旋转挤压成形新技术,并开发出了具有自主知识产权的12.5 MN-0.4 MN·m-10 r/min多向加载旋转挤压机。该装备通过主动控制模具的轴向、径向以及旋转运动多级组合,利用微区累积应变颠覆了毛坯与工件形状决定变形程度的传统。利用该技术能控制金属的有序合理流动,实现材料的均匀强韧化和薄壁内环高筋构件(筋高0~70 mm)的整体精确成形,从而提高了产品的力学性能和材料利用率。该技术与装备填补了国内外大型薄壁内环高筋类轻质构件形性一体化控制成形的空白,拓展了塑性成形新领域。Large thin-walled and high-ribbed components are typical structural components to achieve extreme light weight of products,and there are many challenges in their overall forming.In view of the demand for accurate plastic forming of high-performance large thin-walled lightweight components with inner ring high ribs,the new technology of multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming technology is proposed for the first time,which can match linear motion of punches with rotational motion of dies and can actively increase the strong shear deformation of metal material.And a 12.5 MN-0.4 MN·m-10 r/min multi-directional loading rotary extruder with independent intellectual property rights is developed.By actively controlling the multi-stage combination of axial,radial and rotational movements of the mold,the equipment uses the micro-zone cumulative strain method to subvert the tradition that the shape of the blank and the workpiece determine the degree of deformation.This technology can control the orderly and reasonable flow of metal,realize the uniform toughness of material and the overall accurate forming of transverse high-ribbed members(0-70 mm in rib height)within thin walls,thus improving the mechanical properties and material utilization of products.This technology and equipment fills the gap of integrated and controlled forming of large thin-walled internal transverse high rib type lightweight components at home and abroad,and expands the new field of plastic forming.

关 键 词：多向加载 旋转挤压 内环筋 剪切变形 整体成形 

分 类 号：TG379[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]