泰安市签约家庭医生工作压力现状及其影响因素  

Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Working Pressure of Contracted Family Doctors in Tai'an City

作　　者：丛新霞 徐凌忠 马效恩[4] 秦文哲 胡芳芳 赵燕 裴中斐 刘传利[1,2,3] 张萧红 CONG Xinxia(Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong,250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院卫生管理与政策研究中心,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学卫生经济实验与公共政策研究中心,山东济南250012 [3]国家卫生健康委员会卫生经济与政策研究重点实验室(山东大学),山东济南250012 [4]济南市卫生健康委员会,山东济南250014

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第7期122-127,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为71974118。

摘　　要：目的:调查泰安市签约家庭医生工作压力现状及其影响因素,为缓解家庭医生工作压力,稳定家庭医生队伍提供参考。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法对泰安市765名签约家庭医生进行工作压力调查,采用自行设计的一般情况调查表和挑战性-阻碍性压力量表进行测量。结果:男性家庭医生挑战性压力及阻碍性压力得分均高于女性(均P<0.001)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,工作环境对工作压力的影响存在性别差异;工作强度、工作环境分别是挑战性压力、阻碍性压力的影响因素且存在性别差异;工作地点、自评居民对家庭医生认可度是男性阻碍性压力的特有影响因素;居住地、自评健康状况分别是女性挑战性压力、阻碍性压力的特有影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:家庭医生工作压力存在性别差异,工作环境、工作强度、考核机制是其工作压力的主要影响因素。Objective:To investigate the working pressure and influencing factors of contracted family doctors in Tai'an city,so as to provide reference for relieving the working pressure of family doctors and stabilizing the team development of family doctors.Methods:765 contracted family doctors in Tai'an city were surveyed about their working pressure by multi-stage random cluster sampling,and measured by self-designed general condition questionnaire and challenge-and hindrance-related stress scale.Results:The scores of challenging stress and obstructive stress of male family doctors were higher than those of female family doctors(all P<0.001).Multiple linear regression showed that there were gender differences in the impact of work environment on work stress.Work intensity and work environment were the influencing factors of challenging stress and obstructive stress respectively,and there were gender differences.Workplace and self-rated residents'recognition of family doctors were the unique influencing factors of male obstructive stress.Place of residence and self-rated health status were the unique influencing factors of female challenging stress and obstructive stress respectively(all P<0.05).Conclusion:There are gender differences in work stress of family doctors,and the main influencing factors of working pressure are work environment,work intensity and assessment mechanism.

关 键 词：心理健康 家庭医生 工作压力 影响因素 泰安 

分 类 号：R192.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]