危固等离子体气化与垃圾焚烧间接耦合的新型发电系统性能分析  

Performance Assessment of a Novel Waste-to-energy System Indirectly Integrated Hazardous Waste Plasma Gasification With Waste Incineration

作　　者：李镓睿 陈衡 武浩然 潘佩媛 徐钢 刘彤 LI Jiarui;CHEN Heng;WU Haoran;PAN Peiyuan;XU Gang;LIU Tong(Beijing Key Laboratory of Emission Surveillance and Control for Thermal Power Generation(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]热电生产过程污染物监测与控制北京市重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第14期5490-5501,共12页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52106008);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(51821004)。

摘　　要：为清洁无害化处理危固的同时实现固废高效资源化利用,提出一种危固等离子体气化与垃圾焚烧间接耦合的新型发电系统。在新系统中,医疗垃圾与飞灰经等离子体气化协同处理产生合成气,驱动燃气轮机发电,同时高温合成气和燃气轮机排气的热量传递给焚烧机组,提高焚烧机组循环发电效率。以某800t/d垃圾焚烧机组为例,从热力学和经济学角度评估新系统的性能。结果表明,在生活垃圾产生的发电功率不变的条件下,从医疗垃圾中产生的净电功率为13.50MW,因而医疗垃圾发电效率和㶲效率分别达到35.67%和33.92%,在运行周期内,新系统的净现值可达到75800.50万元,动态回收周期为3.99年。由此可知,新系统是高效且经济可行的。In order to achieve efficient resource utilization of solid waste while treating hazardous waste cleanly and harmlessly,a novel waste-to-energy system indirectly integrated hazardous waste plasma gasification with waste incineration has been developed.In the new design,medical waste and fly ash are co-processed by plasma gasification to produce syngas,which drives a gas turbine to generate electricity,while the heat from the high-temperature syngas and gas turbine exhaust is transferred to the incineration unit,increasing the efficiency of the incineration cycle to generate electricity.An 800 t/d waste incineration unit is used as a case unit to assess the performance of the new system from a thermodynamic and economic perspective.The results show that the net electrical power generated from medical waste is 13.50 MW,assuming that the power generated from municipal solid waste remains unchanged,and thus medical waste-toelectricity efficiency and exergy efficiency of medical wasteto-electricity reach 35.67%and 33.92%,respectively.During the project lifetime,the net present value of the novel system could reach 758.01 million yuan,with a dynamic payback period of 3.99 years.These results indicate that the new system is efficient and economically viable.

关 键 词：医疗垃圾 生活垃圾 等离子体气化 垃圾焚烧发电 垃圾耦合发电系统 

分 类 号：TM61[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]