基于多频平衡电磁技术的管道内外缺陷检测与全角度表面裂纹识别方法  

Multi-frequency Balanced Electromagnetic Technology for Detecting Internal and External Defects and Identifying Full-angle Surface Cracks

作　　者：肖奇 冯健[1] 汪刚[1] 姜琳 XIAO Qi;FENG Jian;WANG Gang;JIANG Lin(School of Information Science and Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学信息科学与工程学院,辽宁省沈阳市110819

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第14期5703-5712,共10页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62173081);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”资助项目(XLYC2002032)。

摘　　要：缺陷和裂纹是管道安全运行的潜在隐患。因管道表面裂纹方向各异,漏磁方法对表面裂纹敏感性低,而交变电磁方法受限于趋肤效应,无法检测管道外缺陷。该文提出多频平衡电磁技术,解决了管道内外缺陷检测与全角度表面裂纹识别难题。根据电磁平衡技术的电磁场传播特点,分析管道缺陷与裂纹的检测原理。采用有限元方法,研究激励频率对裂纹偏角与内外缺陷响应信号的影响,优化得到20Hz和400Hz的最佳频率组合,并对预制内外缺陷和裂纹的管道进行实验验证。结果表明:多频平衡电磁信号的峰值随内外缺陷深度的增加而近似线性增大;当裂纹偏角由0°增至90°时,平衡电磁信号的峰值逐渐增大。平衡电磁信号峰值与缺陷深度和裂纹角度的关系可用于缺陷深度的量化与裂纹偏角的识别,从而为管道完整性评估奠定良好的基础。Defects and cracks are potential hazards to the safe operation of the pipe.Since cracks have different directions,the magnetic flux leakage methods have low sensitivity to surface cracks,while the alternating current field measurement methods cannot detect external defects due to the skin effect.A novel multi-frequency balanced electromagnetic technology(MFBEMT)is proposed for detecting internaland-external defects and identifying full-angle surface cracks.According to the electromagnetic field propagation characteristics of MFBEMT,the defect detection principle is analyzed.The finite element method is used to study the influences of different excitation frequencies on response signals of internal-and-external defects and crack angles.The optimal frequency combination of 20 and 400Hz is acquired.The laboratory experiments are carried out on a carbon steel pipe with prefabricated defects and cracks.Results show that the peak value of MFBEM voltage linearly increases as the depth of internal and external defects increases.The MFBEM voltage peak gradually increases as the deflection angle of cracks rises from 0°to 90°.The correlations between the MFBEM signal peak of defect depths and crack angles can be used to quantify the defect depth and identify the crack deflection angle,which lays a good foundation for pipeline integrity assessment.

关 键 词：管道内检测 多频平衡电磁技术 频率优化 内外缺陷 全角度裂纹 

分 类 号：TG115[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]