锡伯族成人6项身体指数与分型特征  

Six body indexes and typing characteristics of Xibe adults

作　　者：徐国昌[1,2] 陈志国 温有锋[3] 姜东 郭克磊 XU Guo-chang;CHEN Zhi-guo;WEN You-feng;JIANG Dong;GUO Ke-lei(Institute of Anthropology,Nanyang Institute of Technology,He’nan Nanyang 473004,China;Zhang ZhongJing Medical College,Nanyang Institute of Technology,He’nan Nanyang 473004,China;Institute of Biological Anthropology,Jinzhou Medical University,Liaoning Jinzhou 121000,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳理工学院人类学研究所,河南南阳473004 [2]南阳理工学院张仲景国医国药学院,河南南阳473004 [3]锦州医科大学生物人类学研究所,辽宁锦州121000

出　　处：《解剖学报》2023年第4期477-483,共7页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：科技部科技基础性工作专项(2015FY111700)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨锡伯族身体指数与分型特征。方法 依照《人体测量方法》,采集伊犁地区锡伯族588例和沈阳地区锡伯族420例18岁以上成年人身高、胸围、坐高、肩宽、骨盆宽、体质量形态指标,数据整理后计算身体指数、分型,并进行统计学分析。结果 除伊犁地区锡伯族男性身高肩宽指数、卡甫指数和沈阳地区女性身高肩宽指数外,其他指数均存在年龄组之间的差异(P<0.05)。除男性身高胸围指数、身高骨盆指数和女性的身高胸围指数、身高坐高指数、马氏躯干腿长指数外,其他指数均存在地区之间的差异(P<0.05)。锡伯族成人体型特征多为宽胸型、宽肩型、长躯干型、宽骨盆型,中腿型和亚长腿型(男性)、亚短腿型和中腿型(女性),身体超重。结论 锡伯族成人身体指数分型存在地域差异与年龄差异。与其他少数民族相比,锡伯族身高胸围指数、身高肩宽指数、身高骨盆宽指数、卡甫指数处于较高水平。锡伯族成人腿身比例位于中等水平,男性躯干比例略短,女性略长。Objective To explore the body index and typing characteristics of Xibe nationality.Methods According to Anthropomatric Methods,height,chest circumference,sitting height,shoulder width,pelvic width and body mass morphological indexes were collected from 588 Xibe people in Yili area and 420 Xibe people over 18 years old in Shenyang area.After data collation,body index and typing were calculated and analyzed statistically.Results Except for Xibe male stature⁃shoulder breadth index and Caup’s index in Yili area and female stature⁃shoulder breadth index in Shenyang area,there were differences among age groups in other indexes(P<0.05).Except for male stature⁃chest circumference index,stature⁃crista iliaca index,female stature⁃chest circumference index,stature⁃sitting height index,Manouvrier’s skelic index,there were differences among regions(P<0.05).The adult body shape of Xibe nationality was mainly of wide chest,wide shoulder,long trunk,wide pelvis,medium leg and sub⁃long leg(male),sub⁃short leg and medium leg(female),and overweight.Conclusion There are regional and age differences in the body index and typing of Xibe adults.Compared with other ethnic minorities,Xibe nationality’s stature⁃chest circumference index,stature⁃shoulder breadth index,stature⁃crista iliaca index,Caup’s index are at a higher level.The proportion of legs and body of Xibe nationality is in the middle level,while the proportion of trunk is slightly shorter for men and slightly longer for women.

关 键 词：锡伯族 身体指数 分型 体质人类学 成人 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学] R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]