各向同性纺丝沥青及其碳纤维的制备与应用研究进展  

Recent progress on the preparation and application of isotropic spinnable pitch and its carbon fiber

作　　者：刘金港 翟港港 田永胜[1,2] 王光辉 袁观明[1,2] 董志军 Liu Jingang;Zhai Ganggang;Tian Yongsheng;Wang Guanghui;Yuan Guanming;Dong Zhijun(Hubei Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Material,Wuhan 43008l;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081)

机构地区：[1]湖北省煤转化与新型炭材料重点实验室,武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学化学与化工学院,武汉430081

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2023年第7期12-20,共9页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1960106和52072275)。

摘　　要：现代科技的发展对碳纤维提出了高性能和低成本的要求。与聚丙烯腈基和中间相沥青基碳纤维相比,各向同性沥青基碳纤维在生产成本上具备明显优势,但其力学性能相对较低。厘清各向同性沥青及其制备工艺、微观结构和力学性能之间的关联关系,大幅度提升其力学性能,是进一步拓展其工业应用的必由之路。首先系统评述了各向同性沥青的合成、纺丝、预氧化及碳化工艺,分析了工艺参数对碳纤维结构和力学性能的影响,指明了提升碳纤维力学性能的关键因素和控制策略。然后介绍了各向同性沥青基碳纤维主要的应用领域。最后提出了高性能各向同性沥青基碳纤维生产过程中面临的挑战以及今后的研究方向。Modern science and technology development requires carbon fibers with high performance and low cost.Isotropic pitch-based carbon fibers have obvious advantages in production cost compared to polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers and mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers;however,the poor strength performance limits their application.Clarifying the correlation among the preparation process,microstructure and mechanical properties of isotropic pitch is a necessary way to significantly improve the mechanical properties and further expand its industrial application.This paper reviewed the synthesis,spinning,pre-oxidation and carbonization processes of the isotropic pitch.The effects of process parameters on the structure and mechanical properties of carbon fibers were analyzed.The key factors and control strategies for improving the mechanical properties of carbon fibers were pointed out.Then the main application fields of isotropic pitch-based carbon fibers were introduced.Finally,the challenges and future research directions in the production of high performance isotropic pitch-based carbon fibers were presented.

关 键 词：碳纤维 各向同性沥青 纺丝工艺 预氧化 炭化 

分 类 号：TQ536.2[化学工程—煤化学工程]