壮医水蛭疗法治疗麻邦的技术规范研究  

A study on the technical standards of Zhuang nationality’s leech therapy for treating Mabang

作　　者：揭洁 陈莹 朱永娟 许潇杰 李月间 黄永 翟阳 JIE Jie

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学,广西南宁530200 [2]广西国际壮医医院,广西南宁530201

出　　处：《中医临床研究》2023年第19期64-67,共4页Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：2018年国家自然科学基金项目:基于神经血管单元探讨“三焦次第治疗”对脑缺血损伤大鼠Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的调控机制(H2708);广西地方标准制修订项目(2022-1272);2022年中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY22-45);广西中医药大学A类“桂派中医药传承创新团队”:壮医毒病临床医学研究与应用创新团队(2022A003);桂派中医药师承教育项目;广西中医药优秀人才研修项目[桂中医药发(2022)7号];广西国际壮医医院院级康复医学优势学科建设项目[桂国际壮医院院字(2021)33号]。

摘　　要：壮医水蛭疗法是广西壮族地区常用且具有地方特色的外治技法。该疗法通过饥饿的活体水蛭(菲牛蛭)对人体体表道路网结进行吸治,吸拔局部瘀滞之气血,同时释放水蛭素进入人体,调节气血均衡,以达到治疗目的。在临床应用中发现,水蛭在治疗各系统疾病中拥有一些药物难以比拟的优势。麻邦相当于现代医学中的脑血管意外、脑出血、脑梗死等疾病,相当于中医中的中风、卒中、偏瘫或半身不遂。临床上水蛭已被广泛应用于麻邦的治疗中,但在其传承及应用上并未统一。近年来随着医用水蛭养殖技术的成熟发展,其安全性得以大幅提高,壮医水蛭疗法的使用和推广得到长足进步。临床应用不再只关注于水蛭的药用功能,更将目光转向活体水蛭治疗疾病的研究。由于水蛭临床应用并未大幅推广,仅在广西地区较为普遍,因此文章从对麻邦的认识、壮医水蛭疗法的介绍、疾病的诊断标准,以及水蛭疗法的适应证、禁忌证、技术操作规范、应用前景七个方面进行技术规范化总结,以促进水蛭疗法推广应用及提高临床服务能力。Zhuang nationality’s leech therapy is a common external treatment technique with local characteristics in Zhuang nationality area of Guangxi.The therapy uses hungry leeches(Philippines leeches)to suck and treat the road network on the human body surface,suck out the stagnant Qi(气)and blood in the local area,and release hirudin into the human body at the same time to regulate the balance of Qi and blood,so as to achieve the purpose of treatment.In clinical application,it has been found that leeches have some incomparable advantages in the treatment of diseases of various systems.Mabang(麻邦)is equivalent to cerebrovascular accident,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction and other diseases in modern medicine.It is equivalent to stroke,hemiplegia in TCM.Clinically,leech has been widely used in the treatment of Mabang,but there is no unity in its inheritance and application.In recent years,with the mature development of medical leech breeding technology,the safety has been greatly improved,and the use and promotion of Zhuang medical leech therapy has made great progress.In clinical application,we no longer only focus on the medicinal function of leeches,but also turn our attention to the research on the treatment of diseases with living leeches.Since the clinical application of leeches has not been extensively promoted,it is only common in Guangxi.Therefore,this article summarizes the technical standardization from seven aspects:the understanding of Mabang,the introduction of leech therapy in Zhuang medicine,the diagnostic criteria of diseases,and the indications,contraindications,technical operation specifications,and application prospects of Zhuang medical leech therapy,in order to promote the popularization and application of leech therapy and improve clinical service capabilities.

关 键 词：壮医水蛭疗法 麻邦 技术规范 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]