城市知识环境对创业活动的影响及空间异质性——基于中国275个城市的实证检验  

Urban Knowledge Environment on Entrepreneurship:Influence and Spatial Heterogeneity Analysis:The Empirical Analysis of 275 Cities in China

作　　者：吕拉昌[1,2] 赵彩云 Lyu Lachang;Zhao Caiyun(College of Resources Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Urban Innovation and Development Research Center,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Management,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]首都师范大学北京城市创新与发展研究中心,北京100048 [3]河北地质大学管理学院,石家庄050031

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第8期1479-1488,共10页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国三大城市群创新机制与空间组织模式的比较研究”(41971201)。

摘　　要：从城市知识存量和知识基础设施2方面构建了城市知识环境指数,测度了中国275个地级及以上城市知识环境指数的空间分布特征,在此基础上采用空间回归模型方法,分析了城市知识环境对创业活动的影响。结果表明:1)中国城市知识环境指数空间格局呈现东中西部依次下降,直辖市、副省级城市、省会城市及主要城市群的城市具有较高的知识环境指数;2)城市知识环境对创业活动具有促进作用,在其他因素得到控制的情况下,城市知识环境指数越高,创业活动越活跃;3)城市知识环境对创业活动的作用程度存在空间异质性,表现为东部城市高于中西部城市,同一地区的省会及以上级别的城市高于一般地级城市。In the era of the knowledge economy,with the increasing role of knowledge and entrepreneurship in cities,the impact of the urban knowledge environment on entrepreneurship has become an important research topic.Cities are the primary carriers of knowledge and entrepreneurship.However,few studies examine the impact of an urban knowledge environment on entrepreneurship.The impact of the urban knowledge environment on entrepreneurship in China remains unclear.Therefore,this study constructs an urban knowledge environment index from the two aspects of urban knowledge stock and knowledge infrastructure,measures the spatial distribution characteristics of the knowledge environment index of 275 cities at the prefecture level and above in China,and analyzes its impact using a spatial regression model.The results show that:(1)The urban knowledge environment index in the eastern coastal areas is relatively high,while that in the central and western areas is relatively low.Cities in major urban agglomerations,such as the Beijing Tianjin Hebei,Shandong Peninsula,Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,and Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomerations,have a high urban knowledge environment.The level of urban knowledge environment in provincial capitals and above is relatively high,whereas it is relatively low in general,prefecture-level cities.(2)Urban knowledge environments promote entrepreneurship.When other factors are controlled,entrepreneurship increases by 0.239%for every 1%increase in the urban knowledge environment index.(3)Spatial heterogeneity exists in the influence of the urban knowledge environment on entrepreneurship,and its marginal effect differs among cities in different regions and levels.Cities in the east had higher values than those in the central and western regions,and cities at or above the provincial capital level in the same region had higher values than ordinary prefecture-level cities.Among these,the increase in entrepreneurship caused by improving the knowledge environment index of cities at the provincial

关 键 词：城市知识环境 创业活动 知识存量 知识基础设施 中国 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济]