X射线防护用无铅柔性材料的研究进展  

Research progress of lead-free flexible materials for X-ray protection

作　　者：田欣 刘文静 赵晓曼 王鸿博 杨国荣 洪剑寒[1] TIAN Xin;LIU Wenjing;ZHAO Xiaoman;WANG Hongbo;YANG Guorong;HONG Jianhan(Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing 312000,China;College of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;China Textile Academy(Zhejiang)Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院浙江省清洁染整技术研究重点实验室,浙江绍兴312000 [2]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [3]中纺院(浙江)技术研究院有限公司,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《丝绸》2023年第8期63-72,共10页Journal of Silk

基　　金：浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGJ21E030001);绍兴市科技计划专项(基础公益类)计划项目(2022A11004);绍兴文理学院科研启动项目(20195027);绍兴文理学院大学生科研基金资助项目(202110349172xj,202110349178xj);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010349042);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划项目(2022R432A019)。

摘　　要：X射线作为一种短波电离辐射源,被广泛应用在国防军工、工业探伤、医疗诊断等领域。为避免X射线对人体造成严重危害,需采用X射线防护用材料进行合理防护。轻质化X射线防护用柔性无铅材料具有良好的安全性、防护高效性、舒适性,能够弥补含铅防护材料的弱吸收区。X射线防护用无铅柔性材料的研发,对解决国内行业生产需求、突破国际技术壁垒具有重要的研究价值和现实意义。文章基于X射线的防护机理和防护性能评价指标,着重从防护填料的选择、防护材料的结构设计及其制备工艺三个方面综述X射线辐射防护用无铅柔性材料的研究进展,系统分析并总结了涂层法、纺丝法、模压法的弊端与优势,并指出X射线防护用无铅柔性材料的发展方向。X-ray,as a short-wave ionizing radiation source,is widely used in national defense,industrial flaw detection,medical diagnosis and other fields.With the development of science and technology and the continuous strengthening of people’s awareness of health protection,the research and development of lead-free flexible materials for X-ray protection has important research value and practical significance to meet the production demand of domestic industry and break through international technical barriers.Lead-free flexible materials for X-ray protection have the advantages of good safety,efficient protection,comfort and lightweight,which can make up for the weak absorption area of lead-containing materials.And lead-free flexible materials for X-ray protection have broad application prospects in industrial and medical fields due to their excellent protective properties,physical and mechanical properties and wearability.Lead-free radiation absorption fillers mainly include rare-earth-containing materials,bismuth-containing materials and other high atomic number metal element materials such as antimony,nickel and tungsten.Moreover,the nanoscale functional particles have better X-ray protection effect compared with ordinary functional particles with large particle sizes under the same amount of functional fillers.In addition,the common preparation processes of lead-free flexible materials for X-ray protection include spinning,coating and molding.The spinning method has the advantages of large yield and good wearability,but the process has high production cost,complex processes and is easy to cause environmental pollution.However,the coating method and the molding method,with the merits of large output,strong process-ability and relatively simple process,are adopted by relevant enterprises at home and abroad,and have a good application prospect.Finally,to meet the requirements of safety,high efficiency,comfort,flexibility and lightweight of lead-free flexible protective materials,the further development directions of l

关 键 词：X射线 柔性无铅防护材料 纺丝法 模压法 涂层法 轻质化 

分 类 号：TS941.15[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]