一种高机械耐久性油水分离网的制备及性能  

Preparation of a High Mechanical Durability Oil-water Separation Mesh and Its Performance

作　　者：刘犇 叶向东[1,2] 郗长青[1] 李冀[1] 王权岱[3] LIU Ben;YE Xiangdong;XI Changqing;LI Ji;WANG Quandai(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学陕西省纳米材料与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [3]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《塑料工业》2023年第7期156-162,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775431);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JM-566);陕西省教育厅重点实验室科学基金资助项目(17JS072)。

摘　　要：为提高超疏油/超亲水涂层的机械耐久性,首次提出以碳纳米管、正硅酸乙酯和丙烯酸树脂为原料,加入全氟辛酸和壳聚糖季铵盐进行改性,喷涂制备出一种具有高机械耐久性的油水分离网。利用接触角测试、砂纸磨损实验和油水分离实验,评价分离网的润湿性、机械耐久性和油水分离能力,并通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对涂层磨损前后的形貌变化进行分析。结果表明,当碳纳米管掺杂量为1.5%时,制备的涂层油接触角为155.5°,水接触角为0°,具有良好的超润湿性;经过160次砂纸磨损实验,仍保持超疏油/超亲水状态,表现出优异的机械耐久性;在油和水(碱性、酸性、中性、冷、热)的混合溶液中均有96%以上的分离效率和1.6×104L/(m^(2)·h)以上的渗透通量,经过20次分离后分离效率为96.33%,具有良好的油水分离能力。In order to improve the mechanical durability of superoleophobic/superhydrophilic coatings,this study was the first to prepare a highly mechanical durable oil-water separation mesh by spraying carbon nanotubes,ethyl orthosilicate and hydroxy acrylic resin as raw materials,modified with perfluorooctanoic acid and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt.The contact angle test,sandpaper abrasion test and oil-water separation test were used to evaluate the wettability,mechanical durability and oil-water separation ability of the separation mesh,and the morphological changes of the coating before and after abrasion were analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The results show when the doping amount of carbon nanotubes is 1.5%,the prepared coating has a good super-wetting property with an oil contact angle of 155.5°and a water contact angle of 0°.After 160 sandpaper wear experiments,it still maintains a super-oleophobic/super-hydrophilic state and shows excellent mechanical durability.In the mixed solution of oil and water(alkaline,acidic,neutral,cold and hot)all have more than 96%separation efficiency and more than 1.6×104 L/(m^(2)·h)permeate flux,after 20 separations the separation efficiency is 96.33%,with good oil-water separation ability.

关 键 词：油水分离网 类钢筋混凝土结构 超疏油/超亲水性 高机械耐久性 碳纳米管 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]