煤层气井储层地质工程特征对产能的控制研究  

Research on the Control of CBM Well Reservoir Geological Engineering Characteristics on Productivity

作　　者：李全中 申建[3,4] 胡海洋 吉小峰 LI Quanzhong;SHEN Jian;HU Haiyang;JI Xiaofeng(Mining Engineering Department,Shanxi Institute of Technology,Yangquan 045000,China;The Cultivation Base of Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mining Area Ecological Restoration and Solid Wastes Utilization,Shanxi Institute of Technology,Yangquan 045000,China;School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resource&Reservoir Formation Process,Ministry of Education,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221008,China;Guizhou Research Center of Shale Gas and CBM Engineering Technology,Guiyang 550081,China;Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,School of Energy and Materials Engineering,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]山西工程技术学院矿业工程系,阳泉045000 [2]山西工程技术学院,矿区生态修复与固废资源化省市共建山西省重点实验室培育基地,阳泉045000 [3]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,徐州221116 [4]中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,徐州221008 [5]贵州省煤层气页岩气工程技术研究中心,贵阳550081 [6]太原科技大学能源与材料工程学院,太原0300244

出　　处：《高校地质学报》2023年第4期644-656,共13页Geological Journal of China Universities

基　　金：山西省青年科学研究项目(20210302123390);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0726);山西工程技术学院矿区生态修复与固废资源化省市共建山西省重点实验室培育基地(202104010910031);黔科合战略找矿资助项目([2022]ZD001-03)联合资助。

摘　　要：为了提高煤层气井的单井产气效果,从煤层气开发的地质静态参数和工程动态参数出发,研究煤层气井产气效果的影响因素。文章基于山西沁水盆地某区块12口典型煤层气井的储层参数、地质特征和开发数据,从地质控制因素和工程控制因素出发,详细剖析了煤层气资源特征、煤储层渗流、构造、能量特征、钻井、压裂、排采工程等七个方面的24种因素,研究各因素对煤层气井产气效果的控制程度。结果表明:同一区块煤层气井的产气效果存在差异,受地质因素和工程因素共同影响;煤层气资源及煤储层渗流、构造和能量特征对煤层气井的产气影响较显著,且当研究区煤储层渗透率大于0.7 mD时,有利于煤层气井获得较好的产气效果;断层影响煤储层的含气性和排采过程中的流体运移,煤层气开发应避开断层,保持400 m的安全距离;煤层气井的见套压力及放气压力越高,越有利于扩大煤储层的解吸半径,有利于煤层气井高产稳产;煤储层的压裂施工规模对产气量影响较大,研究区加液规模比加砂规模对煤层气井的产气影响更显著;煤层气井应合理控制各个阶段的压降速率和产气提升速率,在控压提产阶段的压降速率宜控制在10 kPa/d以内,扩大煤储层的压降漏斗半径。通过对研究区煤层气井的地质及工程因素进行分析,为煤层气地质选区、选点提供理论支撑,为煤层气工程开发提供技术指导。In order to improve the single well gas production of CBM well,the influencing factors of CBM well gas production are studied from the geological static parameters and engineering dynamic parameters of CBM development.Based on a block of Shanxi Qinshui Basin 12 reservoir parameters and geological characteristics of typical CBM Wells and development data,starting from the geological control factors,engineering control,detailed analysis of seven aspects of 24 kinds of factors,including coal bed methane resource characteristics,coal reservoir seepage characteristics,structures,energy,drilling,fracturing,drainage,we study the degree to which these factors control the CBM gas production.The results show that the gas production of CBM Wells in the same block is different,which is affected by both geological factors and engineering factors;Also,coalbed methane resources and coalbed methane reservoir seepage,structures and energy characteristics clearly influence coalbed methane production,and when the permeability of coalbed methane reservoir is more than 0.7 mD,it is favorable for coalbed methane well to yield increased gas production.In addition,faults affect the gas content of coal reservoir and fluid migration in the process of drainage and production.In the development of CBM,faults should be avoided and a safe distance of 400 m should be maintained.Furthermore,the higher the casing pressure and gas release pressure of CBM well,the more conducive to expanding the desorption radius of coal reservoir,which results in high and stable production of a CBM well.The scale of fracturing operation in coal reservoir also has great influence on gas production,and the scale of fluid injection is more significant than that of sand injection in the study area.The pressure drop rate and gas production rising rate should be reasonably controlled in each stage of CBM well,and the pressure drop rate should be controlled within 10 kPa/d in the pressure control and production raising stage.These will allow to enlarge the pressure drop

关 键 词：煤层气井 地质工程 煤体结构 压裂规模 产水产气 下降速率 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学]