海南临高海岸带典型生态环境问题与对策研究  

Typical Ecological and Environmental Issues and Countermeasures in Lingao,Hainan Province

作　　者：崔振昂[1,2,3] 侯月明 赵若思 王陆一 王先庆 付玉通 严镔 王嘹亮 CUI Zhenang;HOU Yueming;ZHAO Ruosi;WANG Luyi;WANG Xianqing;FU Yutong;YAN Bin;WANG Liaoliang(Sanya Geology Institute of South China Sea,Guangzhou Marine Gelogical Survey,Sanya 572025,China;Acade-my of South China Sea Geological Science China Geological Survey,Sanya 572025,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,MNR,Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510075,China)

机构地区：[1]广州海洋地质调查局三亚南海地质研究所,三亚572025 [2]中国地质调查局南海地质科学院,三亚572025 [3]广州海洋地质调查局自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,广州510075

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2023年第7期70-76,共7页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：中国地质调查局地调项目“南部重点海域自然资源调查试点与集成区划”(DD20221725);三亚崖州湾科技城管理局2020年度科技计划项目(SKJC-2020-01-008)。

摘　　要：为改善临高县海岸带生态环境、提升海岸带生态价值及保障海岸带生态安全,文章在实地考察、文献查阅和资料梳理的基础上,概述了当前临高县海岸带面临的典型生态环境问题,分析生态环境退化的主要原因,提出了海岸带保护修复的对策建议。研究结果表明:临高海岸带地区砂质海岸、红树林、珊瑚礁和白蝶贝等面临较严重的海岸侵蚀、生态环境退化和生物资源枯竭等问题;砂质海岸侵蚀主要受海平面上升、风暴潮等自然因素影响,红树林生态系统主要受围海养殖、环境污染影响,珊瑚礁、白蝶贝等海洋生态系统则主要受渔业捕捞、水体污染等人为活动影响;基于海岸生态退化现状及原因分析,提出文澜河口、抱吴港等岸段开展沙滩喂养及生态堤建设,新盈湾、黄龙湾、金牌湾等重点区实施红树林修复,珊瑚礁、白蝶贝保育区加强自然封育、严防人工干扰等建议措施。In order to improve the coastal ecological environment of Lingao County,Hainan Province,enhance ecosystem service value of coastal zone and ensure ecological security of coastal zone,based on the field trips,literature review and data analysis,this paper summarized the typical ecological environment problems of Lingao coastal zone o,analyzed the main reasons of ecological degradation,and then some suggestions on protection and restoration of Lingao coastal zone were put forward.The results show that:the sandy coast,mangrove,coral reef and Pinctada maxima are faced with serious coastal erosion,ecological environment degradation and biological resource depletion in Lingao coastal zone.Sandy coastal erosion was mainly affected by natural factors such as sea level rise and storm surge,mangrove ecosystem was mainly affected by the sea aquaculture and environmental pollution,and coral reef and Pinctada maxima were mainly affected by human activities such as fishing and water pollution.Based on the analysis of the current situation of ecological degradation and their causes,this paper proposed beach feeding and ecological seawall construction in Wenlan Estuary and Baowu Harbor,mangrove restoration in Xinying Bay,Huanglong Bay and Jinpai Bay,and natural sealing for coral and Pinctada maxima conservation area.

关 键 词：海岸带 生态系统 生态保护 生态修复 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P76[天文地球—海洋科学]