发酵棉籽粉替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长、饲料利用性能及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of replacement of fish meal by fermented cottonseed meal ongrowth performance,feed utilization and intestinal bacteria community ofjuvenile golden pompano(Trachinotus ovatus)

作　　者：吴光德 兰鲲鹏 陈旭[2,3] 王芸[2] 周传朋[2] 林黑着[2] 马振华[2,3,4] 王珺 WU Guangde;LAN Kunpeng;CHEN Xu;WANG Yun;ZHOU Chuanpeng;LIN Heizhao;MA Zhenhua;WANG Jun(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Sanya 572018,China;Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province,Sanya 572018,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部水产品加工重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心,海南三亚572018 [4]海南省深远海渔业资源高效利用与加工重点实验室,海南三亚572018

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2023年第4期126-138,共13页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32172984);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2020TD55,2022XT0404);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021SD09)。

摘　　要：发酵棉籽粉是一种优质植物蛋白原料,具有替代饲料鱼粉的潜力。为评估发酵棉籽粉作为卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)饲料蛋白源的适宜性及适宜替代水平,用发酵棉籽粉分别替代卵形鲳鲹幼鱼饲料中0%(对照组)、25%、50%、75%和100%的鱼粉(基础饲料中鱼粉质量分数为35%),配制成5种实验饲料,饲喂幼鱼[初始体质量为(12.57±0.25)g]7周,探究了发酵棉籽粉替代鱼粉对幼鱼存活、生长和饲料利用性能及肠道菌群组成的影响。结果显示,发酵棉籽粉替代组的存活、生长、饲料利用率以及蛋白质、脂肪沉积效率均低于鱼粉对照组,而25%和50%替代组与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。但当发酵棉籽粉替代75%~100%鱼粉时,刺激了卵形鲳鲹肝脏的抗氧化系统,使总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性高于对照组。此外肝脏HE染色切片显示其细胞空泡化现象加剧,100%替代组的血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量降低,肝脏合成蛋白能力可能下降。发酵棉籽粉高水平替代鱼粉会影响卵形鲳鲹的肠道菌群组成,表现为有益菌丰度下降、有害菌丰度上升,从而影响了肠道菌群功能。综合考虑生长性能和鱼体健康,建议卵形鲳鲹饲料中发酵棉籽粉替代鱼粉水平以25%为宜。Fermented cottonseed meal(FCSM)is a high-quality plant protein ingredient with potential to replace fishmeal in feed.To evaluate the suitability of FCSM as a protein source in the diet of juvenile golden pompano(Trachinotus ovatus)and its appropriate replacement level,we had fed the juveniles with initial body mass of(12.57±0.25)g for seven weeks by five diets to replace 0%(Control group),25%,50%and 100%of fishmeal by FCSM,and the fish meal in reference diet was 35%.Then we investigated the effects of FCSM replacement of fishmeal on the survival,growth,feed utilization performance and intestinal mi-croflora of the juveniles.The results show that the survival,growth,feed efficiency,dietary protein and lipid deposition rates were lower in FCSM treatments compared with those in reference diet,while the differences between 25%,50%replacement groups and the reference diet were not significant(P>0.05).However,the liver antioxidant system was stimulated,and the activi-ties of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and catalase(CAT)in 75%−100%replacement groups were higher than those in the control group.In addition,the liver hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections show that the cellular vacuolation phenomenon was ag-gravated.The contents of total protein,albumin and globulin in serum in 100%replacement group were reduced,and the pro-tein synthesis capacity of liver might be impaired.High-level replacement of fish meal by FCSM affected the composition of in-testinal flora,with the abundance of beneficial bacteria decreasing and that of harmful bacteria increasing.Taking into account both growth performance and fish health,it is recommended to replace fish meal with 25%FCSM in the diet for T.ovatus.

关 键 词：卵形鲳鲹 发酵棉籽粉 生长 饲料利用 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]