用于激波增强的变截面激波管设计  

Design of Variable Cross Section for Shock Enhancement in Shock Tubes

作　　者：白世杰 梁兴雨[1] 王昆[1] Bai Shijie;Liang Xingyu;Wang Kun(State Key Laboratory of Engines,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《燃烧科学与技术》2023年第4期406-413,共8页Journal of Combustion Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52176124,21961122007);天津市研究生科研创新资助项目(2021YJSB170).

摘　　要：相对于常规等截面激波管,相同长度管道条件下,变截面的设计可显著增强入射激波的强度.考察了变截面收缩曲面对激波管内部气体流动特性的影响,进而设计该类新型激波管.基于理想不可压缩一维流动、可压缩流动、经验公式和经验公式加R等4种理论方法,建立了不同的变截面收缩曲面替换段的二维几何模型.以上理论模型结合有限元分析,开展数值模拟研究,获取了亚音速和超音速工况下压力分布等值线云图,进而分析了不同长度收缩曲面的影响.结果表明:相对于其他3类理论方法,基于经验公式加R设计的收缩曲面更适用于变截面激波管的设计.Compared with the conventional shock tubes with constant cross sections,the design of variable cross section could substantially enhance the incident shock wave intensity.The effect of the contraction surface of vari-able cross section on the gas flow characteristics inside the shock tube was investigated,which was used in the design of a novel shock tube.Four theoretical approaches,including ideal incompressible one-dimensional flow,compressible flow,empirical equation and empirical equation with R,were applied to developing twodimensional geometric models,respectively,to examine the impact of variable-section contraction surface.The above models were combined with finite element analysis for numerical simulation studies to obtain the contours of pressure distribution under subsonic and supersonic operating conditions,and the effects of different lengths of contraction surfaces were analyzed.The results showed that the contraction surface based on the empirical equation with R was more applicable to the design of variable-section shock tube than the other three theoretical methods.

关 键 词：变截面激波管 收缩曲面 可压缩流 有限元分析 压力等值线 

分 类 号：TK402[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]