重庆中心城区洪涝灾害防御与韧性提升路径  

Flood and waterlogging control and the route of resilience promotion strategies for the central urban area of Chongqing

作　　者：胡庆芳[1,2] 张建云 苏鑫[1] 王银堂 金君良 宋刚勇[3] Hu Qingfang;Zhang Jianyun;Su Xin;Wang Yintang;Jin Junliang;Song Gangyong

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室,南京210029 [2]长江保护与绿色发展研究院,南京210098 [3]重庆市水利局,重庆401147

出　　处：《中国水利》2023年第14期15-23,共9页China Water Resources

基　　金：中国工程院院地合作项目(2020-ZD-CQ-2);中国工程院战略研究与咨询品牌项目(2022-PP-04-06)。

摘　　要：重庆中心城区现状防洪治涝短板明显,城市公共安全面临两江过境洪水、本地中小河流洪水及山洪、城市内涝的严重威胁,洪涝灾害治理具有复杂性和长期性。亟须立足山地型超大城市特点,顺应韧性城市发展潮流,将重庆中心城区打造为我国城市应对极端暴雨洪涝的标杆。为实现这一目标,重庆中心城区洪涝灾害治理应遵循“水岸统筹,洪涝兼治;刚柔并举,平战结合;科技引领,智慧驱动”的基本原则。在实现路径方面,应按照鲁棒性、可恢复性、冗余性、智慧性和适应性兼具的韧性理念,协同工程、技术、制度、经济、社会等各层面,着力构建防洪防涝韧性提升的对策集合。其重点是消除江河防洪工程薄弱环节,推进城市内涝防治迭代升级,增强城市生命线工程抗冲击能力,多功能弹性利用城市滨水空间,打造智慧防洪防涝体系,全面提升应急管理能力。The current situation of flood control in the central urban area of Chongqing is obvious.The public security of the city is faced with serious threats of cross-river flood,local small and medium-sized river flood and mountain flood,and urban waterlogging.Flood disaster control is complicated and long-term.Based on the characteristics of mountainous megacity and conforming to the development trend of urban resilience,it is urgent to build the central city of Chongqing as a benchmark for cities in China to cope with extreme rainstorm and flood.To achieve this goal,the management of flood disasters should follow the three basic principles.The first is coordinated management of water area and land area,and simultaneous control of flood and waterlogging.The second is combination of strength and softness measures and combination of peacetime and wartime management.The third is technology leading and intelligent driving.In terms of the specific path,a countermeasure ensemble should be made to enhance the resilience of flood and waterlogging control.It should be based on the resilience concept of robustness,recoverability,redundancy,intelligence and adaptability,and also combined with measures from engineering,technology,institution,economy,society and other aspects.The key points are to accelerate the elimination of weak points in river flood control projects,promote urban waterlogging control and enhance the impact resistance of urban lifeline infrastructures.At the same time,to flexibly utilize urban waterfront space with multiple functions and build a smart flood control system is of great significance.In addition,the construction management capabilities should be remarkable promoted.

关 键 词：重庆 超大城市 洪水 内涝 韧性 生命线工程 滨水空间弹性利用 应急管理 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]