光照强度对梨小食心虫产卵选择性的影响  

Effects of light intensity on the oviposition preference of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

作　　者：杨小凡 焦洄锬 李旭昭 路子云[1] 冉红凡[1] 马爱红[1] 魏国树[2] 李建成[1] YANG Xiao-Fan;JIAO Hui-Tan;LI Xu-Zhao;LU Zi-Yun;RAN Hong-Fan;MA Ai-Hong;WEI Guo-Shu;LI Jian-Cheng(IPM Center of Hebei Province,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture,Plant Protection Institute,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Baoding 071000,China;College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心,农业部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,保定071000 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071000

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第7期918-924,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YD1400200);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2021301029);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326506D,20326511D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2018100206,HBCT2021220205);河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-9)。

摘　　要：【目的】梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta是一种重要的果树常发性害虫。本研究旨在探明光照强度在梨小食心虫产卵选择中的作用,进一步揭示梨小食心虫的微光视觉能力。【方法】在春、夏和秋季分别调查梨小食心虫在桃树树冠向阳面和背阴面等部位的产卵量,测定日落时向阳面和背阴面的光照强度差异;室内利用光暗双向选择行为试验测定梨小食心虫成虫对光照强度的产卵选择行为反应。【结果】春、夏和秋季梨小食心虫成虫均偏好在光照强度显著较高的桃树树冠向阳面叶片上产卵,总产卵量分别为背阴面的4.24,9.30和5.82倍。在光暗双向选择中,10000,100,1和0.01 lx及自然光照条件下,梨小食心虫成虫对光照的产卵选择性均显著高于对黑暗,产卵选择率分别为87.48%,83.68%,82.92%,80.08%和84.84%。通过比较梨小食心虫对强光和弱光的产卵选择性发现,光照对比度(强光/弱光)为10和2时,10000,100,1和0.01 lx及自然光照条件下,雌成虫均对强光照表现出显著的产卵选择性,且随光照强度降低产卵选择性无明显减弱,产卵选择率均高达75%以上。【结论】光照强度可以影响梨小食心虫成虫的产卵选择性,雌成虫对强光照表现出明显的产卵偏好性,即使在微光条件下依然可以准确辨别出光照强度差异,展现出良好的微光视觉能力,为开发基于视觉行为调控的新型物理诱捕技术提供依据。【Aim】Grapholita molesta is an important and frequent pest of fruit trees.This study aims to investigate the roles of light intensity on the oviposition preference of G.molesta,and to further reveal the dim-light vision ability in G.molesta.【Methods】The numbers of eggs of G.molesta laid on leaves on the sunny side and shaded side in the peach tree canopy were investigated in spring,summer and autumn,and the difference in light intensity between the sunny side and shaded side at sunset was measured.Light-dark two-choice experiments were carried out indoor to test the oviposition preference behavior response of G.molesta adults to light intensity.【Results】In spring,summer and autumn,G.molesta adults preferred to lay eggs on leaves on the sunny side in the peach tree capony with significantly higher light intensity,the numbers of eggs laid on the sunny side were 4.24,9.30 and 5.82 times as high as those on the shaded side,respectively.In the light-dark two-choice experiments,G.molesta adults preferred to lay eggs to light than to dark,with the oviposition selection rates of 87.48%,83.68%,82.92%,80.08%and 84.84%,respectively,under 10000,100,1 and 0.01 lx and natural light conditions.The oviposition preferences between to strong light and to weak light revealed that when the light contrast(strong light/weak light)was 10 and 2,respectively,G.molesta adults showed a preference to strong light under 10000,100,1 and 0.01 lx and natural light conditions.Moreover,this preference to strong light did not decrease significantly with the decrease of light intensity,and the oviposition selection rates were higher than 75%.【Conclusion】Light intensity can affect the oviposition preference of G.molesta adults.Female adults show obvious oviposition preference to strong light,and can still discriminate well the difference in light intensity even under dim light,exhibiting a well dim-light vision ability.The results provide a basis for new physical trapping techniques based on visual behavior regulation.

关 键 词：梨小食心虫 产卵选择 光照 向阳面 背阴面 微光视觉 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]