地铁扣件Ⅲ型弹条的静力学模型与参数优化分析  

Static Model and Parameter Optimization Analysis of TypeⅢClip in Metro Fastener

作　　者：陈金明 钟盛华 刘逸平[2] 杨秀龙 陈泽滨 CHEN Jin-ming;ZHONG Sheng-hua;LIU Yi-ping;YANG Xiu-long;CHEN Ze-bin(Guangzhou Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology,Guangzhou 510663,China;South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]广州计量检测技术研究院,广州510663 [2]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广州510641

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第22期9650-9658,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12072116);国家市场监督管理总局科技计划(2021MK130)。

摘　　要：地铁钢轨通过弹性扣件固定在道床的轨枕上,弹条是弹性扣件的关键部件,通过弹条的弯曲和扭曲变形产生扣压力,保证钢轨之间轨距正常和可靠连接,同时吸收车辆行驶产生的冲击能量,达到减振的作用。为了研究地铁扣件Ⅲ型弹条自身相关参数对其力学性能的影响并进行参数优化,通过金属材料拉伸试验测得了Ⅲ型弹条的基本力学参数,开展扣压力试验得到了弹条扣压力与弹程的关系。建立了弹条的静力学理论模型,并使用单位力法推导了线弹性变形假设下弹条扣压力与弹程的关系,与试验所得数据吻合良好,验证了模型的可行性。根据理论模型推导了弹条不同截面的内力表达式,并以第四强度理论计算了弹条的应力危险点,结果表明,危险点发生在小圆弧靠近跟端θ=61°附近的截面。研究了材料参数和几何参数对弹条应力状态以及扣压力-弹程曲线的影响,提出了弹条基于材料参数和几何参数的优化方案:在规范规定的扣压力范围内,弹条横截面直径应不小于20 mm,弹条的小圆弧半径r应不大于20 mm。The metro rails are fixed to the sleeper on the roadbed through elastic fasteners,with the clip as an important component of the elastic fastener.The clamping force is produced by the bending and torsional deformation of the clip,ensuring the normal track gauge and reliable connection between the rails and absorbing the impact energy generated by the vehicle driving,achieving the effect of shock absorption.The influence of relevant parameters on the mechanical properties of typeⅢclip are studied and parameter optimization analysis were conducted.The basic mechanical parameters of typeⅢclip were obtained through metal material tensile test,and the clamping force test was carried out to obtain the clamping force-deflection curve.A static model of the clip was established,and the relationship between clamping force and deflection under the linear elastic assumption was derived by using the unit force method.The results are in good agreement with the experimental data,verifying the feasibility of the model.The internal force equations of different sections of the clip were deduced according to the theoretical model,and the stress dangerous point of the clip was determined by the 4th strength theory,indicating that the dangerous point occurs at the section near the small arc withθ=61°close to the root end.The effect of material and geometry parameters on the stress state of the clip and the clamping force-deflection curve was studied,and an optimization solution based on material and geometry parameters for the spring bar was proposed.Within the clamping force range specified in the code,the cross-section diameter of the clip should not be less than 20 mm,and the small arc radius of the clip should not be more than 20 mm.

关 键 词：地铁扣件 Ⅲ型弹条 静力学模型 扣压力弹程曲线 参数优化 

分 类 号：U213.53[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]