氨基酸肥与海藻肥对枇杷幼苗光合色素和抗氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Amino Acid Fertilizer and Seaweed Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Pigments and Antioxidase Activity of Loquat Seedlings

作　　者：徐雅欣 黄泳 林立金[1] 汤开晶 郑世玉 王羊 邓群仙 XU Yaxin;HUANG Yong;LIN Lijin;TANG Kaijing;ZHENG Shiyu;WANG Yang;DENG Qunxian(Institute of Pomology and Olericulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130;Shimian Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Ya’an,Sichuan 625400,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130 [3]石棉县农业农村局,四川雅安625400

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第8期54-60,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划“十四五”育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0023-07);国家现代化农业产业技术体系四川水果创新团队项目(sccxtd-2022-04);雅安市市校合作项目(21SXHZ0023)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明氨基酸肥和海藻肥对枇杷幼苗光合色素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响,为促进枇杷童期生长提供参考。【方法】以枇杷幼苗为材料,通过叶面喷施不同稀释倍数(0倍、250倍、350倍、450倍和550倍)的氨基酸水溶肥(氨基酸肥)和不同稀释倍数(0倍、450倍、650倍、850倍和1 050倍)的海藻水溶肥(海藻肥),分析氨基酸肥和海藻肥对枇杷幼苗光合及抗性生理的影响。【结果】叶面喷施350倍、450倍和550倍氨基酸肥提高枇杷幼苗的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量、类胡萝卜素、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和可溶性蛋白含量,且当氨基酸肥浓度为350倍时分别较对照(0倍)提高27.60%、31.72%、28.77%、145.45%、42.79%、24.44%、35.94%和24.77%;喷施250倍氨基酸肥仅提高枇杷类胡萝卜素含量和SOD活性,对其他指标无显著影响。喷施650倍、850倍和1 050倍海藻肥均能提高枇杷幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量和叶绿素总量,且喷施650倍海藻肥时各值最大,分别较对照增加76.11%、38.50%和45.91%;喷施450倍海藻肥仅提高枇杷叶绿素b含量和叶绿素总量;喷施450倍、850倍和1 050倍海藻肥后枇杷类胡萝卜素含量均降低,650倍海藻肥对其类胡萝卜素含量无显著影响;450倍和650倍海藻肥均提高枇杷幼苗叶片的抗氧化酶活性,850倍海藻肥仅提高过氧化物酶活性,1 050倍海藻肥较对照无显著变化;不同浓度海藻肥均提高枇杷幼苗可溶性蛋白含量,且浓度为650倍时最大,较对照增加17.87%。【结论】氨基酸肥和海藻肥在一定程度上可提高枇杷幼苗的光合色素含量和抗氧化酶活性,进而提高枇杷幼苗抗性并促进其生长,其中,分别以喷施氨基酸肥350倍和海藻肥650倍时效果最佳。【Objective】The effects of amino acid fertilizer and seaweed fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments content and antioxidase activity of loquat seedlings were studied to provide a reference for promoting growth of loquat seedlings.【Method】The effects of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer(0,×250,×350,×450 and×550 times)and seaweed water-soluble fertilizer(0,×450,×650,×850 and×1050 times)on photosynthesis and resistant physiology of loquat seedlings were analyzed by a foliage spray test.【Result】Spraying amino acid fertilizers 350,450 and 550 times could increase leaf chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll,carotenoid,soluble protein content and POD,SOP and CAT activity of loquat seedlings.The content of leaf chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll and carotenoid and soluble protein and activity of leaf POD,SOP and CAT of loquat seedlings sprayed with amino acid fertilizer 350 times increased by 27.60%,31.72%,28.77%,145.45%and 24.77%,and 42.79%,24.44%and 35.94%compared with CK respectively.Spraying amino acid fertilizer 250 times increased leaf carotenoid content and SOD activity of loquat seedlings only and had no significant effect on other indexes.Spraying seaweed fertilizers 650,850 and 1050 times could increase leaf chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content of loquat seedling.The leaf chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content of loquat seedlings sprayed with seaweed fertilizers 650 times increased by 76.11%,38.50%and 45.91%compared with CK.Spraying seaweed fertilizers 450 times increased chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content only.Spraying seaweed fertilizers 450,850 and 1050 times reduced carotenoid content but spraying seaweed fertilizers 650 times had no significant effect on carotenoid content.Spraying seaweed fertilizers 450 and 650 times could increase leaf antioxidase activity of loquat seedlings,spraying seaweed fertilizers 850 times increased leaf POD activity and spraying seaweed fertilizers 1050 times had no obvious difference with CK

关 键 词：枇杷 氨基酸水溶肥 海藻水溶肥 幼苗 生理生态 光合色素 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学] S145.2[农业科学—园艺学]