外来务工子弟小学学生贫血与健康状况和卫生行为的相关性分析  

Analysis of correlation between anemia and health condition and behavior in the pupils in the migrant schools

作　　者：丁以标 贾吉勇 徐张明 DING Yibiao;JIA Jiyong;XU Zhangming(Department of Prevention and Health Care of Gaoqiao Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District,Shanghai 200137,China;Administration Office of Gaohang Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区高桥社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海200137 [2]上海市浦东新区高行社区卫生服务中心行政办公室,上海200120

出　　处：《上海医药》2023年第16期48-52,共5页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生健康委员会卫生科技项目(PW2018B-19)。

摘　　要：目的:了解外来务工子弟小学学生贫血患病情况与健康状况及个人卫生行为的关系,为预防和控制贫血发生提供依据。方法:对上海市高桥社区外来务工子弟小学学生进行血红蛋白检测和健康相关行为调查,共纳入外来务工子弟小学学生911人,男生514人、女生397人,平均年龄(8.94±1.40)岁。分析贫血与健康和个人卫生行为的关系。结果:总体贫血患病率为15.59%。外来务工子弟小学生在过去1年腹痛腹泻次数、是否患过胃肠道寄生虫病、龋齿数量、每次饭前便后洗手、每天刷牙2次及以上、毛巾是否专用以及每天睡眠时间7方面的贫血患病率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,过去1年腹痛腹泻3~4次(OR=1.964,95%CI:1.085~3.557)、患过胃肠道寄生虫病(OR=2.116,95%CI:1.064~4.207)、患龋齿≥5颗(OR=3.411,95%CI:1.695~6.865)、不是每次饭前便后洗手(OR=2.057,95%CI:1.401~3.021)、每天刷牙<2次(OR=1.596,95%CI:1.071~2.378)、每天睡眠≤6 h(OR=4.733,95%CI:1.334~16.792)均为小学生贫血患病的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:高桥社区外来务工子弟小学学生的健康状况以及个人卫生行为与贫血患病有密切关联,应加强健康相关行为的干预。Objective:To understand the relationship between anemia prevalence and health condition and personal hygiene behavior of the pupils in the migrant schools,and to provide basis for preventing and controlling anemia.Methods:Hemoglobin detection and health-related behavior investigation were conducted among the pupils in the migrant schools in Gaoqiao Community,Shanghai,and this investigation included 911 primary school students in the migrant schools,there were 514 boys and 397 girls and the average age was(8.94±1.40)years.The relationship between anemia prevalence and personal hygiene behaviors were analyzed.Results:The overall prevalence of anemia was 15.59%.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of anemia in terms of the number of diarrhea and abdominal pain in the past year,the incidence of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases,the number of dental caries,washing hands after using the toilet and before every meal,brushing teeth more than twice a day,whether towels were used for special purposes,and the number of sleeping hours per day(P<0.05).Logistic regression model analysis results showed that three to four times of abdominal pain and diarrhea in the past year(OR=1.964,95%CI:1.085-3.557),a history of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases(OR=2.116,95%CI:1.064-4.207),more than five dental caries(OR=3.411,95%CI:1.695-6.865),not washing hands before and after using the toilet every meal(OR=2.057,95%CI:1.401-3.021),brushing teeth less than twice a day(OR=1.596,95%CI:1.071-2.378),and sleeping six hours or less a day(OR=4.733,95%CI:1.334-16.792)were all risk factors for anemia in primary school students(P<0.05).Conclusion:The health status and personal hygiene behavior of the pupils in migrant schools in Gaoqiao Community are closely related to anemia,and health-related behavior intervention should be strengthened.

关 键 词：贫血 健康行为 外来工 小学生 相关性 

分 类 号：R556.3[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]