水质处理对雾培抗堵性能及番茄生长的影响  

Effect of Water Treatment on Anti-blocking Performance and Tomato Growth in Aeroponics

作　　者：侯诗宇 肖娟[1] 杨杰 彭志慧 李艳丽 HOU Shi-yu;XIAO Juan;YANG Jie;PENG Zhi-hui;LI Yan-i(College of Water Resource Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第8期95-101,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221058)。

摘　　要：为分析出一套较优的气雾栽培条件下抗堵塞水质处理方案,将不同水质处理方案进行对比,分析水质处理对气雾栽培灌水器堵塞情况和番茄生长发育的影响。水质处理方式分别为T1:磁化水处理、T2:无机酸(稀盐酸)调酸处理、T3:有机酸(食品级柠檬酸)调酸处理,根据番茄不同生长发育期调节营养液的浓度,用电导率(mS/cm)表示,幼苗期0.8~1.0mS/cm,开花结果期1.4~1.6mS/cm,盛果期2.2~2.4mS/cm。试验期间对番茄植株株高、茎粗、叶面积以及雾化灌水器日流量进行定期记录,在番茄第二穗果成熟后对番茄果实的品质进行监测。结果表明:雾化喷头堵塞程度随着营养液浓度和时间的增加表现出“快—慢—快”的增长趋势,T1、T2、T3处理在3个营养液浓度下对雾化喷头均表现出一定的抗堵塞影响,T1、T2效果相近,T3效果较差;3种水质处理对苗期和开花结果期番茄植株生长均有积极影响,且T3处理效果最好,盛果期T2、T3处理对番茄植株生长表现出抑制作用;T1处理对番茄果实大小及质量有显著提升,3组处理对番茄果实营养素含量无显著影响。综合考虑,抗堵塞水质处理应以磁化处理为主,在苗期辅以适当的柠檬酸调酸,最有利于雾化喷头抗堵以及番茄的生长。In order to obtain a set of better anti-clogging water quality treatment schemes under aeroponic cultivation conditions,this paper compared different water quality treatment schemes to analyze the effect of water quality treatment on the clogging of aeroponic irrigation emitters and tomato growth and development.The water treatment methods included T1,magnetized water treatment,T2,inorganic acid(dilute hydrochloric acid)acid treatment,and T3,organic acid(food-grade citric acid)acid treatment.The concentration of nutrient solution,which was expressed by the electrical conductivity(mS/cm),was adjusted according to different growth and development stages of tomato,as 0.8~1.0 mS/cm in seedling stage,1.4~1.6 mS/cm in flowering and fruiting stage,and 2.2~2.4 mS/cm in full fruit stage.The plant height,stem diameter,leaf area and daily flow of atomized emitter were recorded regularly during the experiment.The quality of tomato fruit was monitored after the second fruit ripened.The results showed that with the increase of nutrient solution concentration and time,the blockage degree of atomizing nozzle showed a growth trend of′fast-slow-fast′.T1,T2 and T3 treatments showed certain anti-clogging effects on atomizing nozzles at three nutrient solution concentrations.The effects of T1 and T2 were similar,and the effect of T3 was poor.All the three water quality treatments had positive effects on the growth of tomato plants at seedling stage and flowering and fruiting stage,and T3 treatment had the best effect.T2 and T3 treatments showed inhibitory effects on the growth of tomato plants at full fruit stage.T1 treatment significantly improved the size and quality of tomato fruit,while all the three treatments had no significant effect on nutrient content of tomato fruit.Considering comprehensively,the anti-blocking water treatment should be based on magnetization treatment and supplemented by appropriate citric acid at the seedling stage,which is the most conducive to the anti-blocking of atomization nozzle and the growth o

关 键 词：气雾栽培 雾化喷头 番茄 抗堵塞 水质 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV93[农业科学—农业工程]