遥感影像空间分辨率对河道水体识别影响  

The Influence of Spatial Resolution of Remote Sensing Image on River Water Identification

作　　者：周聂 陈华[1] 胡朝阳[2,3] 褚杰 刘阳 田冰茹 何立滢 付开雄 ZHOU Nie;CHEN Hua;HU Zhao-yang;CHU Jie;LIU Yang;TIAN Bing-ru;HE Li-ying;FU Kai-xiong(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Fujian Provincial Investigation,Design and Research Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Co.Ltd,Fuzhou 350001,Fujian Province,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics and Water Engineering,Fuzhou 350001,Fujian Province,China;Xiangyang Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xiangyang 441003,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司,福建福州350001 [3]福建省水动力与水工程重点实验室,福建福州350001 [4]襄阳市测绘研究院,湖北襄阳441003

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第8期82-94,共13页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研究与发展计划项目(2022YFC3002701);福建省水利科技项目。

摘　　要：高精度的河道水体解译对全面详实掌握水资源变化,科学制定水资源保护策略,合理规划开发水资源具有重要意义。研究以闽江下游主河道为研究区域,以Landsat-8、Sentinel-2和GF-6卫星影像为数据源,分析对比不同空间分辨率遥感影像在不同形态河道中的水体识别效果。结果表明,2~30m空间分辨率的遥感影像均可有效反映河道形态;在边界规整的山区型河道和河面宽阔的入海型河道,2~30m的空间分辨率遥感影像均能获得较好的解译结果,遥感影像空间分辨率的改变不会对河道的水体识别效果产生显著影响;遥感影像空间分辨率对河宽较窄的城区型河道的水体识别效果影响较大,高空间分辨遥感影像更有利于城区型河道水体的识别;随遥感影像空间分辨率的降低,遥感影像对河岸边界表征能力将逐渐下降,水体漏分和错分现象将增加。High-precision water body interpretation of river channels is of great significance for a comprehensive and detailed understanding of changes in water resources,the scientific formulation of water resource protection strategies,and the rational planning and development of water resources.In this study,the main river channel in the lower reaches of Minjiang River is taken as the study area,the Landsat-8,Sentinel-2 and GF-6 satellite images are used as data sources to analyze and compare the water body identification performance of different spatial resolution remote sensing images in rivers identification in different morphological channels.The results show that remote sensing images with spatial resolutions of 2~30 m can effectively reflect the shape of the river.For the mountainous rivers with regular boundaries and seaward river with wide water surface,the remote sensing images with 2~30 m spatial resolution can obtain excellent interpretation results,which will not significantly affect the identification of water bodies in rivers.However,the spatial resolution of remote sensing images has a greater impact on the identification of water bodies in urban rivers with narrower widths,and the high spatial resolution remote sensing images are more conducive to identifying water bodies in urban rivers.And as the spatial resolution of remote sensing images decreases,the ability to characterize riverbank boundaries will gradually decreases,and the phenomena of water body leakage and misidentification will increase.

关 键 词：空间分辨率 遥感影像 水体识别 UNet 目视解译 闽江流域 

分 类 号：TP753[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P237[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]