2005—2022年广元市丙型肝炎流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Guangyuan City from 2005 to 2022

作　　者：徐霞 严图 李丹 陈玲 尹钟亿 周泽莹 贾永朝[1] XU Xia;YAN Tu;LI Dan;CHEN Ling;YIN Zhongyi;ZHOU Zeying;JIA Yongchao(Guangyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangyuan 628000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广元市疾病预防控制中心,四川广元628000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第7期764-771,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析2005—2022年广元市丙型肝炎(丙肝)流行特征,为制订有效的防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息报告系统中的“传染病监测”和“疾病预防控制综合管理”系统中按现住址为广元市、发病日期为2005年1月1日至2022年12月31日导出所有丙肝确诊病例和临床诊断病例,采用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行整理和统计分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,趋势分析采用χ^(2)_(趋势)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2005—2022年广元市共报告丙肝病例2491例,报告死亡病例2例,年均报告发病数138例,年均报告发病率5.11/10万,报告发病数和报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=251.617,P<0.001)。病例呈散在发生,无明显季节性发病高峰。广元市利州区报告发病数和发病率排名均位居广元市第1位,昭化区报告发病数最少,苍溪县报告发病率最低。报告发病率总体上随年龄增长而增长,发病年龄以40~54岁年龄组最多,占报告发病总数的45.48%,15岁以下儿童报告发病数和报告发病率均较低;男性报告发病率高于女性(χ^(2)=33.125,P<0.001)。发病人群以农民为主,占报告病例总数的48.91%,农民(χ^(2)_(趋势)=247.905,P<0.001)和家务及待业人群(χ^(2)_(趋势)=5.158,P=0.023)报告发病数职业构成比呈逐年上升趋势。结论广元市丙肝报告发病率总体呈上升趋势,疫情呈低流行态势,其发生具有明显性别、年龄、职业和地区差异,农民、离退休、家务及待业人员是丙肝防控应关注的重点人群,应加大丙肝防控知识宣传力度,扩大丙肝人群筛查范围,提高高危人群丙肝筛查率,尽早发现和规范治疗患者。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C(HCV)in Guangyuan City from 2005 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods All confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases of HCV were derived from the Infectious Disease Surveillance System and the Integrated Management of Disease Control and Prevention System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information Reporting System according to the current address in Guangyuan City and the onset date from January 1,2005 to December 31,2022.SPSS 20.0 software was used for data collation and statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Chi-square trend test was used for trend analysis.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 2491 cases of hepatitis C and 2 deaths were reported in Guangyuan City from 2005 to 2022.The average annual number of reported cases was 138,and the average annual reported incidence rate was 5.11/105.The number of reported cases and the reported incidence rate showed an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=251.617,P<0.001).The cases occurred sporadically without obvious seasonal peak.Lizhou District ranked first in the number of reported cases and incidence rate in Guangyuan City.Zhaohua District had the lowest number of reported cases,and Cangxi County had the lowest incidence.The reported incidence rate increased with the increase of age in general.The age group of 40-54 years old had the most cases,accounting for 45.48%of the total reported cases.The number of reported cases and incidence rate of children under 15 years old were low.The incidence rate of male was higher than that of female(χ^(2)=33.125,P<0.001).The majority of the patients were farmers,accounting for 48.91%of the total reported cases.The occupational composition ratios of the number of reported cases of farmers(χ^(2)_(trend)=247.905,P<0.001)and household and unemployed people(χ^(2)_(trend)=5.158,P=0.023)showed an

关 键 词：丙型肝炎 流行特征 报告发病率 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]