腐殖酸钾对酸性土壤铝毒害的缓解作用与机制  

Alleviating Effect and Mechanism of Potassium Humate Fertilizer on Aluminum Toxicity in Acid Soil

作　　者：赵文瑞 高双 赵宽 王晨茜 刘庆一 倪韵章 顾洪亮 张文娟 ZHAO Wenrui;GAO Shuang;ZHAO Kuan;WANG Chenqian;LIU Qingyi;Ni Yunzhang;GU Hongliang;ZHANG Wenjuan(Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Protection and Pollution Control in Wanjiang Basin,College of Resources and Environment,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学资源环境学院,皖江流域水环境保护与污染控制安徽省教育厅重点实验室,安徽安庆246133

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第5期185-191,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2021A0654);国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目,利用工业、农业及生活废弃物研发一种复合型酸性土壤改良剂;安徽省自然科学基金(2108085QD149);安徽省高校优秀人才支持计划项目(gxyq2021193)。

摘　　要：改良酸性土壤对于保障国家粮食供应和生态环境的健康运行非常重要。该文通过在盆栽实验中采用土壤溶液取样器原位获取土壤溶液的方法,分别从土壤固相和液相铝(Al)形态变化探究腐殖酸钾对酸性土壤铝毒害的缓解作用与机制。结果表明:在一定范围内,随着腐殖酸钾添加量的增加,土壤固相羟基Al和有机结合态Al含量逐渐增加,土壤溶液总Al、Al^(3+)、Al-OH、Al-F及Al-SO_(4)含量逐渐降低,土壤溶液有机结合态Al和酸溶性Al占总铝比例增加。说明酸性土壤中添加腐殖酸钾可以通过促进土壤溶液有机结合态铝的形成及土壤溶液铝向固相有机结合态铝等稳定态铝转化来降低土壤溶液中毒性铝的浓度。0.4%、0.6%和0.8%添加量均可以有效(P<0.05)降低酸性土壤溶液毒性Al浓度,提高油菜产量,可以为不同酸度土壤改良提供参考。Improving acid soil is very important to ensure the healthy operation of national food supply and ecological environment.In this study,by using soil solution sampler to obtain soil solution in situ in pot experiment,we explored the mitigation effect and mechanism of potassium humate on aluminum toxicity in acidic soil from the changes of aluminum(Al)morphology in soil solid phase and liquid phase respectively.The results showed that in a certain range,with the increase of potassium humate addition,the contents of solid hydroxyl Al and organically bound Al in soil increased gradually,while the contents of total Al and inorganic Al such as Al^(3+),Al-OH,AI-F and Al-SO_(4) in soil solution decreased gradually,and the proportion of organically bound Al and acid-soluble Al in total Al in soil solution increased.The results indicated that the addition of potassium humate in acidic soil could reduce the concentration of toxic aluminum in soil solution by promoting the formation of organically bound aluminum in soil solution and the conversion of organically bound aluminum in soil solution to stable aluminum in solid phase.Supplementation of 0.4%,0.6%and 0.8%was effective(P<0.05)decreased toxic Al concentration of acid soil solution and increased rape yield,which could provide reference for soil improvement with different acidity.

关 键 词：腐殖酸钾 酸性土壤 铝毒害 土壤铝形态 土壤溶液 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]