慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼吸困难恐惧体验及应对的质性研究  

Experiences and coping styles of dyspnea-related fear among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:a qualitative research

作　　者：缪小浪 钮美娥[2] 韩燕霞[1] 张蓓蕾[1] 赵茜 卢向敏 MIAO Xiaolang;NIU Mei’e;HAN Yanxia;ZHANG Beilei;ZHAO Qian;LU Xiangmin

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第一医院呼吸与危重症医学科,苏州市215006 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院护理部,苏州市215006

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2023年第15期1815-1820,共6页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(72204182);苏州市科技发展计划项目(SKY2022122);博习培育计划自然科学基金项目(BXQN202116)

摘　　要：目的了解COPD患者呼吸困难恐惧的心理体验,并分析其应对行为。方法采用关键事件访谈法,对2022年6月—9月苏州市某三级甲等医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的18例COPD患者进行深入访谈,通过内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析、归纳与提炼。结果归纳出3个主题,7个亚主题,包括呼吸困难恐惧的体验(呼吸困难恐惧影响日常生活、症状感知加重呼吸困难恐惧体验)、呼吸困难恐惧的应对(积极应对、消极回避)、缓解呼吸困难恐惧的支持需求(渴望得到专业支持、期盼获得家庭支持、亟需社会支持)。结论护理人员应当重视COPD患者呼吸困难恐惧的心理体验,通过接纳自我、降低症状感知以弱化其恐惧体验,改善认知、提高自我效能以促进其积极应对,加强专业人员、家庭、社会的多方支持以满足其呼吸困难恐惧缓解的多样化需求,改善患者的生活质量和不良结局。Objective This qualitative research aimed to explore the experiences of dyspnea-related fear among patients with COPD.Methods We performed in-depth interviews guided of behavioral-event-interview and analyzed the experiences of 18 inpatients who underwent dyspnea-related fear that came from a tertiary hospital in Suzhou from June to September 2022.Results 3 themes and 7 sub-themes were analyzed and summarized,including experiences of dyspnea-related fear(dyspnea-related fear affected daily routines,and symptoms perception exacerbated experiences of dyspnea-related fear),coping styles of dyspnea-related fear(positive coping and negative coping),support demands to alleviate dyspnea-related fear(eager to receive professional support,looking forward to family support,urgent demands for social support).Conclusion Nursing staff should pay attention to patients’experiences of dyspnea-related fear,weaken their fear experiences by accepting themselves and reducing their perception of dyspnea,promote positive coping by improving cognition and enhancing self-efficiency,meet the diverse demands to alleviate dyspnea-related fear by strengthening hospital-community-family support,ultimately improve their qualities of life and outcomes.

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 呼吸困难恐惧 回避行为 支持需求 质性研究 护理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]