基于改进蝙蝠优化算法的无线传感器网络定位研究  

Research on wireless sensor network location based on improved bat optimization algorithm

作　　者：卢秀丽 胡天濡[2] 冀松 郭子玮 Lu Xiuli;Hu Tianru;Ji Song;Guo Ziwei(School of Information Science and Engineering,Baoding Institute of Technology,Baoding 071000,China;Department of Information Engineering and Management,Baoding Electric Power Vocational and Technical College,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]保定理工学院信息科学与工程学院,保定071000 [2]保定电力职业技术学院信息工程与管理系,保定071000

出　　处：《国外电子测量技术》2023年第6期103-109,共7页Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：为解决传统DV-Hop算法在无线传感器网络中存在的定位误差大的问题,提出了一种基于改进蝙蝠优化算法的无线传感器网络(WSN)定位方法。首先,构建WSN协同定位模型,并将传统蝙蝠算法与元胞自动机进行融合取代DV-Hop算法中的最小二乘法来计算网络中未知节点的位置,提高算法的搜索能力;其次,引入小生境技术和个体灾变机制,避免算法陷入局部最优,提高全局搜索能力;最后,通过仿真实验进行性能对比分析。实验结果表明,所提算法在节点呈随机分布、C型分布和O型分布的情况下均能够有效实现对未知节点的准确定位,且定位精度和收敛速度均优于对比算法;所提算法的定位精度随锚节点总数、锚节点比例以及通信半径的增加而增加,随传感器测距误差增加而减小。To solve the problem of large positioning errors in traditional DV-Hop algorithms in wireless sensor networks,a localization method for wireless sensor networks based on an improved bat optimization algorithm was proposed.Firstly,a WSN collaborative location model is constructed,and the traditional bat algorithm and cellular automata are fused to replace the least square method in DV-Hop algorithm to calculate the location of unknown nodes in the network,improving the search ability of the algorithm.Secondly,niche technology and individual catastrophe mechanism are introduced to avoid the algorithm falling into local optimization and improve the global search ability.Finally,performance comparison experiments are conducted through simulation and experiments.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively locate unknown nodes in situations where nodes are randomly distributed,Cshaped,and O-shaped,and the positioning accuracy and convergence speed are better than the comparison algorithm.The positioning accuracy of the proposed algorithm increases with the increase of the total number of anchor nodes,the proportion of anchor nodes,and the communication radius,while decreases with the increase of sensor ranging error.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 节点定位 蝙蝠算法 小生境技术 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]