microRNAs在神经精神系统疾病中的研究进展  

Research progress of microRNAs in neuropsychiatric diseases

作　　者：秦琰杰 李嘉欣 陈芬 徐臻 马源源[1] 高雪梅 汪柳 吕永宁[1] QIN Yanjie;LI Jiaxin;CHEN Fen;XU Zhen;MA Yuanyuan;GAO Xuemei;WANG Liu;LYU Yongning(Department of Pharmacy,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430022,China;Chongqing Medical School,Chongqing 401220,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院药学部,湖北武汉430022 [2]重庆市医药学校,重庆401220

出　　处：《中国医院药学杂志》2023年第14期1629-1636,共8页Chinese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(编号:82204530)。

摘　　要：microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类内源性进化上高度保守的非编码小RNA,调节转录后基因的表达,从而参与多种生物途径。近年来的研究表明大量脑内miRNAs在中枢神经系统(CNS)发育过程中受到动态调节,能够在神经系统的发育和神经可塑性中发挥重要作用。此外,miRNAs是中枢神经系统复杂遗传网络中的关键调控因子,miRNAs异常表达和功能障碍涉及包括抑郁症、精神分裂症在内的许多神经精神疾病的病理生理过程。该文总结了miRNAs在中枢神经系统中的调控机制以及在神经精神系统疾病发病机制中的调节作用,并根据研究现状探讨了miRNAs的研究局限性以及miRNAs在神经精神系统疾病中潜在的治疗应用。OBJECTIVE microRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of highly conserved endogenous small non-coding RNAs that are endogenous and evolutionarily involved in multiple biological pathways by regulating the expression of post-transcriptional genes.In recent years,studies have shown that a large number of brain miRNAs are dynamically regulated during the development of the central nervous system(CNS),and can play an important role in the development of the nervous system and neural plasticity.In addition,miRNAs are key regulators in the complex genetic network of the central nervous system.The abnormal expression and dysfunction of miRNAs involve the pathophysiological processes of many neuropsychiatric diseases,including depression and schizophrenia.In this review,we summarized the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in the central nervous system and the regulatory role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases.Moreover,we discussed the limitations of miRNAs and the potential therapeutic application of miRNAs in neuropsychiatric diseases according to the current research situation.

关 键 词：MICRORNAS 神经精神系统疾病 抑郁症 精神分裂症 阿尔兹海默症 

分 类 号：R964[医药卫生—药理学]