慢滤对污水厂二级出水中条件致病菌的去除  

Removal of opportunistic pathogens in secondary effluent from sewage plants by slow filtration

作　　者：孙丽华[1] 王春芳 朱珺瑶 邓斯 SUN Li-hua;WANG Chun-fang;ZHU Jun-yao;DENG Si(Key Laboratory of Urban Rainwater System and Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;School of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Dongcheng District Housing and Urban Construction Committee,Beijing 100027,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [3]北京市东城区住房与城市建设委员会,北京100027

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第8期3946-3955,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52070011)。

摘　　要：以高效去除污水厂二级出水中的铜绿假单胞菌为目的,探究慢滤工艺在不同条件下(滤速、碳氮比、离子浓度、pH值)对铜绿假单胞菌的去除效果,在最佳运行条件下监测污染物在慢滤生物膜表面的沉积过程,分析慢滤表面生物膜的种群结构特征及其对铜绿假单胞菌的去除机制.结果表明,在最佳运行条件下(滤速5cm/h、碳氮比为10、Ca^(2+)浓度为60mg/L、pH7),有生物膜慢滤对二级出水中铜绿假单胞菌的去除效果最好,去除率能够达到87.0%;在最佳运行条件下,滤料表面生物膜的多样性最高,物种组成最均匀,变形菌属和硝化螺旋菌属等对铜绿假单胞菌有去除效果的微生物相对丰度占比最大;在滤速为5cm/h、碳氮比为10条件下,二级出水中污染物在慢滤生物膜表面的沉积主要为胞外聚合物的粘附作用;而在水中Ca^(2+)浓度为60mg/L、pH值为7时,污染物在慢滤表面的沉积主要为微生物的粘附作用.This study investigated the removal of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in secondary effluent from sewage plants,as well as the related mechanism.Different slow filtration parameters influence on Pseudomonas aeruginosa removal such as filtration velocity,carbon nitrogen ratio,ion concentration and pH were examined.The results showed that 87.0% removal of Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be obtained under the optimizing condition with 5cm/h of filtration velocity,10:1of C/N,60mg/L of Ca^(2+)at pH7.And the biofilm on the filter surface had the highest diversity and the most uniform of the species composition under this condition,Anaplasma spp.and Nitrospira spp.accounted for the largest proportion of the relative abundance of microorganisms with removal effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Mechanism study revealed that the deposition of pollutants on the biofilm surface of the filter was mainly attributed to the adhesion of extracellular polymers under 5cm/h of filtration velocity,10:1 of C/N,while the adhesion of microorganisms contributed for the deposition of pollutants under 60mg/L of Ca^(2+)at pH 7.

关 键 词：慢滤 铜绿假单胞菌 二级出水 运行条件 沉积过程 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]