流域土地利用分析中空间尺度对水质的影响  被引量:10

Effect of spatial scale on water quality in watershed land use analysis

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作  者:易帆 陈旻 何晓枫 游景皓 安瑞冬[1] YI Fan;CHEN Min;HE Xiao-feng;YU Ching-hao;ANRui-dong(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区:[1]四川大学,水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出  处:《中国环境科学》2023年第8期4280-4291,共12页China Environmental Science

基  金:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52122904);水利部重大科技项目资助(SKS-2022121)。

摘  要:为探究不同空间尺度下土地利用与水质之间的相互关系,以大渡河流域为研究对象,基于2020年流域水质与土地利用数据,根据大渡河流域地形地貌的差异将其划分为上游与中下游两个研究区域,分别提取6种空间尺度(100m缓冲区、200m缓冲区、500m缓冲区、1000m缓冲区、2000m缓冲区和子流域)的土地利用方式,采用冗余分析、主成分分析和Spearman相关性分析等相关关系分析方法定量探讨土地利用对流域水质的影响,为流域土地利用结构管理及流域水资源安全保障提供依据.结果表明:流域水质的WQI指数评价结果均处于良好及以上等级,流域中下游的水质要优于流域上游水质;流域上游区域中,草地与溶解氧(DO)和pH值呈正相关关系,林地在缓冲区范围内与高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、氨氮(NH3-N)和总磷(TP)这些不良水质指标有正相关关系,对于流域中下游,占地面积较少的草地则与pH值和DO呈较显著负相关关系,建设用地则与TP呈较弱负相关性;流域上游和中下游缓冲区的土地利用类型与水质的关联性均强于子流域范围,且大空间尺度缓冲区(2000m)的土地利用方式与水质的相关性更加显著,因此对于河岸两侧2000m范围内水质的保护,上游需加强防范建设用地对水质产生的不良影响,而中下游更应该注意耕地造成的污染.The Dadu River Basin was chosen as the research area to explore the interrelationship between land use and water quality at different spatial scales.Based on the data on river water quality and land use in 2020,the basin was divided into upstream,middle and lower reaches.At six different spatial scales(100 m buffer zone,200 m buffer zone,500m buffer zone,1000m buffer zone,2000 m buffer zone,and catchment),the land use was then extracted,considering the significant landform variations in the Dadu River Basin.Various correlation analysis methods,including redundancy analysis,principal component analysis,and the Spearman correlation coefficient method,were employed to quantitatively explore the impact of land use on river water quality.The foundation for managing land use structures and ensuring the security of water resources is laid by this study.It is shown by the results that:The evaluation results of the watershed water quality based on the WQI index are all in good or higher grades,and the water quality of the middle and lower reaches of the basin is better than that of the upstream.In the upstream region of the river,a positive correlation is observed between dissolved oxygen(DO)and pH,as well as between the permanganate index(CODMn),ammonia-nitrogen(NH3-N),and total phosphorus(TP)within the buffer zone with the woodland.In the middle and downstream sections of the river,significant negative correlations are found between pH and DO with the grassland,which has a smaller area.Additionally,a weak negative correlation with TP is observed for the construction land.In conclusion,the correlation between water quality and land use types is stronger in the upstream and downstream buffer zones of the basin compared to the catchment area.Moreover,it is shown that the correlation between water quality and land use patterns is more significant in the large spatial scale buffer zone(2000 m).Therefore,for the protection of water quality within a 2000 m range on both sides of the river banks,measures should be taken to stre

关 键 词:水质 土地利用 空间尺度 大渡河流域 相关分析 

分 类 号:X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]

 

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