受控冷冻灭虫法的风险控制  

Risk control of the controlled freezing disinsection(pest extermination)method

作　　者：刘家真[1] LIU Jiazhen(School of Information Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2023年第4期168-179,共12页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA343)资助。

摘　　要：受控冷冻灭虫的关键在受控,受控指标包括冷冻温度、降温速度与冷冻时间,受控的目的是要达到彻底灭虫。冷冻温度与降温速度直接影响到被冷冻物品的形体安全,保障物品安全为前提的受控冷冻灭虫需要管控风险。基于文献分析、相关问题的调研与理论研究发现,温度不够低、降温速度不够快以及灭虫时间过短都会造成灭虫不彻底的风险。极端低温与快速降温带来物品的损伤与被冷冻物品的材料性质相关,将在极端低温与热冲击力下必然会损坏的材料排除在冷冻灭虫的许可范围之外,科学地选择冷冻温度与加强冷冻灭虫过程管控,可使受控冷冻灭虫化险为夷,即以保证藏品安全为前提的彻底灭虫。The key to controlled freezing disinsection is control.The control indicators include freezing temperature,cooling rate and freezing time.The purpose of control is to achieve pest extermination.The freezing temperature and cooling rate directly affect the physical safety of frozen objects,so controlled freezing disinsection with the prerequisite of ensuring the safety of objects requires risk management.Based on literature analysis,laboratory investigations and theoretical studies on related issues,it is found that the risk of incomplete pest extermination will occur when the temperature is not low enough,the cooling rate is not fast enough,and the freezing time is too short.The damage to objects caused by the extreme low temperature and rapid cooling is related to the material properties of the frozen objects,so materials that are inevitably damaged under the extreme low temperature and thermal shock should be excluded from freezing disinsection.Selecting freezing temperatures in a scientific way and strengthening the control of the freezing disinsection process could eliminate its risk and ensure pest control as well as the safety of the collection.

关 键 词：受控冷冻灭虫 死亡率 物品损坏 风险因子 管控 

分 类 号：K876[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G256.1[历史地理—历史学]