R1234yf电动汽车空调系统制冷性能的试验研究  

Experimental study on refrigeration performance of R1234yf air conditioning system for electric vehicles

作　　者：陈小砖[1] 孟雪峰 王攀 张蓓乐 刘秀芳[2] CHEN Xiaozhuan;MENG Xuefeng;WANG Pan;ZHANG Beile;LIU Xiufang(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《流体机械》2023年第7期9-16,共8页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(16A470008);河南理工大学横向科研项目(H20-463)。

摘　　要：为了实现汽车空调环保制冷剂要求,选用低全球变暖潜能值(GWP)制冷剂R1234yf,研究了环境温度对R1234yf空调系统制冷性能的影响,并在不同电子膨胀阀(EXV)开度和压缩机转速下对比了R1234yf系统和R134a系统的制冷性能。结果表明:当环境温度从27℃升至43℃,R1234yf系统排气温度升高18℃,功耗增大36.6%,制冷量和COP分别降低13.9%和55.7%;随着电子膨胀阀开度的增加,吸气过热度降低,制冷量和COP先增大后减小,各个转速下均存在一个最佳开度对应制冷性能最优;随着压缩机转速提高,排气温度升高,制冷量增大,但COP降低。当汽车空调系统中采用R1234yf制冷剂直接替代R134a时,虽然R1234yf系统的制冷量和COP比R134a系统分别平均降低4.5%和14.9%,但排气温度比R134a系统平均低5.2℃。该研究结果可为电动汽车空调系统制冷剂的替代研究提供参考。In order to meet the requirements of environmental protection refrigerant for automobile air conditioners,R1234yf refrigerant with low global warming potential(GWP)was selected.The effect of ambient temperature on the performance of R1234yf system was studied,and the refrigeration performance of R1234yf system and R134a system were compared under different electronic expansion valve(EXV)openings and compressor speeds.The results show that when the ambient temperature increases from 27℃to 43℃,the discharge temperature of R1234yf system increases by 18℃,the power consumption increases by 36.6%,and the cooling capacity and COP decrease by 13.9%and 55.7%,respectively.The suction superheat of the compressor decreases with the increase of the EXV opening.With the increase of the EXV opening,the cooling capacity and COP increase first and then decrease,and there is an optimal opening for the optimal cooling performance at each speed.The discharge temperature and cooling capacity increases,but the COP decreases with the increase of compressor speed.When R1234yf refrigerant is used to directly replace R134a in automobile air conditioning system,although the cooling capacity and COP of R1234yf system are 4.5%and 14.9%lower than R134a system on average,the discharge temperature is 5.2℃lower than R134a system on average.The results can provide a reference for the research on the replacement of refrigerant in the air conditioning system of electric vehicles.

关 键 词：电动汽车空调 R1234yf制冷剂 电子膨胀阀 压缩机转速 制冷量 

分 类 号：TH12[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB657.2[一般工业技术—制冷工程]