叶根圆弧对航空燃油离心泵空化性能的影响  

Influence of arcs of the impeller blade roots on the cavitation performance of aviation fuel centrifugal pump

作　　者：帅泽豪 王凯[1,2] 罗光钊 王玥 刘厚林 张岭[2] SHUAI Zehao;WANG Kai;LU Guangzhao;WANG Yue;LIU Houlin;ZHANG Ling(Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Xinxiang Aviation Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xinxiang 453003,China;Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi'an 710199,China;AECC Xi'an Power Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013 [2]新乡航空工业(集团)有限公司,河南新乡453003 [3]西安航天动力研究所,西安710199 [4]中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司,西安710077

出　　处：《流体机械》2023年第7期60-67,共8页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979124);中国博士后科学基金项目(2021M692709)。

摘　　要：针对某航空燃油离心泵在运行过程中由于空化导致叶片根部发生空蚀破坏的问题,设计了一种叶根圆弧结构形式,研究了其在不同空化数下的空泡分布特性和空泡的非定常变化规律,并分析了燃油泵叶轮流道和隔舌位置的压力脉动特性。研究表明:在0.8Q_(d),1.0Q_(d),1.2Q_(d)流量工况下,燃油泵临界空化数分别比原方案减小了4.4%,6.0%,1.8%;在相同空化数下,改进方案叶片表面压力载荷有所下降,其中在1.2Q_(d)流量工况下,低压区占比最多下降7%;改进方案叶片根部空泡体积也有所减小,在1.2Q_(d)流量工况下,空泡减少量最多可达51%;燃油泵内部多数监测点的压力脉动幅值下降较大,最高可达38.35%。研究结果显示了叶根圆弧结构可以显著提升燃油泵的空化性能,为高性能燃油泵的优化设计提供了一定的借鉴。For the problem of cavitation damage at the blade root due to cavitation during the operation of an aviation fuel centrifugal pump,a blade root arc structure was designed,and its cavitation distribution characteristics and cavitation under different cavitation numbers and unsteady change law of cavitation were studied,and the pressure pulsation characteristics of the fuel pump impeller flow channel and the position of the separation tongue were analyzed.The research shows that under the flow conditions of 0.8Q_(d),1.0Q_(d) and 1.2Q_(d),the critical cavitation number of the fuel pump is reduced by 4.4%,6.0%and 1.8%,respectively;Under the same cavitation number,the pressure load on the blade surface of the improved scheme is reduced,and the proportion of the low-pressure area is reduced by 7%under the 1.2Q_(d) flow condition;The cavitation volume at the blade root of the improved scheme is also reduced,and the cavitation reduction reaches 51%under 1.2Q_(d) flow condition;the pressure pulsation amplitude of most monitoring points inside the fuel pump is greatly reduced,the max.reduction reaches 38.35%.The research results show that the arc structure of the blade root can significantly improve the cavitation performance of the fuel pump,which provides a certain reference for the optimal design of the high-performance fuel pump.

关 键 词：航空燃油泵 叶根圆弧 空化 临界空化数 压力脉动 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]