边缘海与开阔海中尺度涡生命周期演化规律对比分析:以南海和黑潮延伸体为例  

Comparative analysis of mesoscale eddy evolution during life cycle in marginal sea and open ocean:South China Sea and Kuroshio Extension

作　　者：张智晟 谢玲玲[1,2,3] 李君益 李强 ZHANG Zhisheng;XIE Lingling;LI Junyi;LI Qiang(Laboratory of Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction,College of Oceanology and Meteorology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Climate,Resource and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Ocean,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院近海海洋变化与灾害预警实验室,广东湛江524088 [2]广东省高等学校陆架及深远海气候资源与环境重点实验室,广东湛江524088 [3]自然资源部空间海洋遥感与应用重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2023年第4期63-76,共14页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42276019、41706025);广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2019KCXTF021);广东省冲一流专项资金项目(080503032101、231420003)。

摘　　要：本文利用1993—2020年AVISO(archiving validation and interpretation of satellite oceanographic)涡旋轨迹数据,对比分析了太平洋边缘海域--南海与开阔海域--黑潮延伸体区中尺度涡的空间分布特征以及生命周期演化规律的异同。结果表明,南海涡旋特性呈显著的季节性差异,冬夏两季气旋涡(CEs,cyclonic eddies)和反气旋涡(AEs,anticyclonic eddies)极性概率分布呈现相反的“条带状”,冬季CE强于AE,夏季相反;黑潮延伸体区则冬夏季均为CE强于AE,极性概率分布无明显的季节变化。在生命周期演化上,南海和黑潮延伸体区涡旋动能(EKE,eddy kinetic energy)演化曲线均呈现增长—稳定—衰减的特征,且具有不对称性。南海涡旋的增长期短于衰减期,黑潮延伸体区则为衰减期更短。南海夏季EKE曲线变化速率快于冬季,黑潮延伸体区冬季的衰减期变化速率是夏季的1.5倍。平均传播速度演化曲线显示南海气旋涡具有先向西北随后转而向西南传播的特征,纬向平均传播速度为3.3cm·s^(-1);黑潮延伸体区气旋涡呈现西南向传播,反气旋涡呈现西北向传播的特征,纬向平均速度为1.3cm·s^(-1),慢于南海涡旋。两个区域的涡旋传播速度和EKE在涡旋生命周期中的演化均存在显著的负相关。Using the AVISO(archiving validation and interpretation of satellite oceanographic)eddy trajectories atlas product from 1993 to 2020,this study comparatively analyzes the characteristics and evolution patterns of mesoscale eddies during eddy life span in the South China Sea(SCS),a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean,and the Kuroshio Extension(KE),an open ocean.The results show that there is significant seasonal variation in the eddy characteristics in the SCS,with opposite polarity probability distribution of cyclonic eddies(CEs)and anticyclonic eddies(AEs)in winter and summer,while the distribution in KE has no seasonal variation.The AEs are stronger than CEs in summer in the SCS,while CEs are stronger than AE in the KE both in winter and summer.During the eddy life span,the eddy kinetic energy(EKE)exhibits asymmetrical growth,stable and decay stages both in the SCS and KE.The eddy growth stage in the SCS is shorter than the decay stage,while the decay stage is shorter in the KE.The change rate of EKE during life span has larger values in summer than that in winter in the SCS,but has 1.5 times larger in winter in the KE.The mean propagation velocity curves shown that the AEs move northwestward and then southwestward in the SCS with average zonal speed of 3.3 cm·s^(-1),while in the KE,CEs move southwestward and AEs move northwestward in the whole life span,with average zonal speed of 1.3 cm·s^(-1),which is slower than that in the SCS.There is a significant negative correlation between the eddy propagation velocity and the EKE in the eddy life cycle in both regions.

关 键 词：南海 黑潮延伸体 中尺度涡 涡动能 生命周期 

分 类 号：P731.27[天文地球—海洋科学]