2019年春季孟加拉湾中部放射虫群落结构垂向变化  

Changes of radiolarian community structure with depth in the central Bay of Bengal in spring 2019

作　　者：张兰兰[1,2] 程夏雯 向荣 邱卓雅[1,3] 常虎 ZHANG Lanlan;CHENG Xiawen;XIANG Rong;QIU Zhuoya;CHANG Hu(Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 511458,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州511458 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2023年第4期166-175,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41876056、42176080);中国科学院南海海洋研究所自主部署项目(SCSIO202201);国家自然科学基金委员会共享航次计划项目(41849910)。

摘　　要：本文利用虎红染色和传统形态分析方法,首次揭示了孟加拉湾中部0~2600m水深放射虫类群(多囊虫、等辐骨虫、列足虫和稀孔虫)的垂向变化特征。多囊虫可生活于全水深,丰度最高值在叶绿素最大值层,表明大部分多囊虫偏好光线充足和营养丰富的水体环境;在阿拉伯海高盐水入侵影响的中深层水体(200~1000m)中,多囊虫活体群和残骸群的丰度变化平稳,反映出其偏好高盐环境(>34.5‰);1000~2000m水层中活体群未增加,但其残骸群的丰度明显升高,推测取样期间1000~2000m水深处可能存在横向搬运现象。等辐骨虫活体丰度最高值出现在50~100m,100~200m深度急剧下降,在200~2600m水深则几乎缺失;0~200m残骸体数量极低,表明等辐骨虫偏好光线充足、营养丰富的环境,其在约100m深发生大量溶解。印度棒矛虫(新种)(Sticholonche indicum sp.nov.)被描记,其形态不同于其他棒矛虫种,具有明显更长的船桨状轴足,其活体峰值位于200~300m,偏好中等温度、高盐的环境,且不受低含氧量的限制。稀孔虫主要生活于50m以深,高峰值出现在200~300m,300~2600m少量存在,其残骸群在0~2600m都处于极低值,反映出低氧含量对稀孔虫影响不明显,而且部分稀孔虫物种不受低温限制,可生存于深水中。可见,浮游动物多囊虫、等辐骨虫、列足虫和稀孔虫具有显著不同的垂直分布与环境适应特征,本研究有助于理解海洋生态系统的物质循环和环境变化。By staining with Rose Bengal and using traditional morphological analysis,this study for the first time reveals the vertical changes of radiolarian community(Polycystinea,Acanthadaria,Taxopodia and Phaeodaria)from 0 to 2600m water depth in the central Bay of Bengal.Polycystinea may survive in full water depth,and the highest abundance is in the chlorophyll-a maximum layer,indicating that most Polycystinea prefers the well-lit and nutrient-rich environments.In the intermediate-deep water(200~1000 m)invaded by high saline water from the Arabian Sea,the change of abundances of living and dead Polycystinea are slight,indicating that they prefer high-salinity environment(>34.5‰).Considering that living Polycystinea did not change significantly from 1000m to 2000m,the abundance of the shells was obviously increased compared with that in the upper water,indicating that the central Bay of Bengal was affected by the lateral advection of ocean current in the 1000~2000m during the sampling period.The highest abundance of Acantharia appeared at 50~100m,then decreased sharply at 100~200m depth,and almost absent at 200~2600m.The number of shells from 0 to 200m was low,suggesting that Acantharia prefers the well-lit and nutrient-rich environments,and is speculated to be largely dissolved at~100m depth.Different from other species in morphology,a new species Sticholonche indicum sp.nov.was described,which has the significantly longer oar-like axopodia.And its maximum abundance occurs between 200~300m,suggesting that they are new species,which prefer the moderate temperature and high salt environment,not limited by the oxygen minimum zone(OMZ).Phaeodaria mainly lives at a depth of 50m,with the highest abundance at 200~300m depth,the low abundance at 300~2600m depth,and the rare shells of thanatocoenoses at 0~2600m depth,suggesting that Phaeodaria is weakly affected by the OMZ,and some phaeodarian species can live in deep water without the limit of low temperature.Therefore,Polycystinea,Acantharia,Taxopodia and Phaeodaria have t

关 键 词：孟加拉湾 浮游动物放射虫 群落结构 深度变化 环境适应 

分 类 号：P736.221[天文地球—海洋地质]