从养分状况角度解析纽荷尔脐橙日灼果的形成机制  

Study on Formation Mechanism of‘Newhall’Navel Orange Fruit Sunburn Based on Nutrient Status

作　　者：杨梅 李延红 付艺萍 刘桂东[1] 魏清江[2] 米兰芳[1] 周高峰[1] YANG Mei;LI Yan-hong;FU Yi-ping;LIU Gui-dong;WEI Qing-jiang;MI Lan-fang;ZHOU Gao-feng(College of Life Sciences,Gannan Normal University/National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center,Ganzhou 341000,China;College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学生命科学学院/国家脐橙工程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000 [2]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第6期30-38,共9页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960573);赣州市果业基金项目(ZHTH2021-GZ-DY001/1)。

摘　　要：为了明确纽荷尔脐橙日灼果的形成与果实、树体以及土壤养分状况的相关性,以11年生枳砧纽荷尔脐橙为试材,设置简约和常规2种不同的果园管理模式,分析了不同果实样品、对应结果枝上叶片样品以及同方位土壤样品的养分含量。结果显示:在2种管理模式下日灼果果皮的N、B、Zn、Cu和Mo含量显著高于对照果的,但K和Ca含量显著低于对照果和正常果的;日灼果果肉的Ca含量显著低于对照果的;日灼果结果枝上叶片的Ca含量在常规管理模式下显著低于对照果和正常果结果枝上叶片的,而其Fe、B和Mo含量显著高于对照果结果枝上叶片的;在2种管理模式下日灼果树土壤的pH值和交换性Ca含量均显著低于对照的,但日灼果树土壤有机质,速效P、K,以及有效Fe、B和Cu含量在常规管理模式下均显著高于对照的,而在简约管理模式下仅速效K和有效Cu含量较高。综上所述,果实中K和Ca含量的降低与果实日灼病的发生密不可分,果实较高的B含量不能抑制日灼病的发生,而较高的土壤有机质、N、P、Fe和Zn含量会导致树势较旺而形成日灼果。In order to clarify the correlation between the formation of sunburned fruit of‘Newhall’navel orange[Citrus sinensis(L.)Osb.CV.Newhall]and the nutrient status of fruit,leaf and soil,11-year-old‘Newhall’navel orange grafted on rootstock of trifoliate orange[Poncirus trifoliata(L.)Raf.]was used as the test material.Two different orchard management modes including conventional management mode(CM)and simple management mode(SM)were set up in this experiment,then the nutrient contents of different fruit samples,leaf samples on corresponding fruit branches and soil samples at the same position were analyzed.The results showed that the concentrations of N,B,Zn,Cu and Mo were significantly higher in the rind of FSSY than those of CK,but the concentrations of K and Ca were significantly lower than those of CK,as well as than those of FSNO,under the two management modes.In pulp,the concentrations of N and Cu were significantly higher in FS-SY than those of CK both in SM and CM,but the concentrations of Ca were significantly lower than those of CK.Further analysis of the nutrient status in leaves on bearing branches showed that there were no significant differences in the concentrations of N,P,Mn and Cu in the leaves between FS-NO and CK,but the Ca concentration in leaf of FS-SY was significantly lower than those of CK and FS-NO under CM conditions.Fe,B and Mo concentrations were significantly higher than those of CK under both SM and CM conditions.The pH value and exchangeable Ca content of sunburned fruit trees under SM and CM conditions were significantly lower than those of CK,but their soil organic matter,available P and K,available Fe,B and Cu contents were significantly higher than those of CK under CM mode,while only available K and available Cu contents were higher under SM mode.In conclusion,the decreased concentrations of K and Ca in fruits were significantly related to the occurrence of fruit sunburn disease,and the higher concentrations of B could not inhibit the occurrence of sunburn disease,while highe

关 键 词：柑橘 日灼病 养分 果园 管理模式 形成机制 

分 类 号：S436.661.11[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]