杭州市临安区挥发性有机物污染特征与来源解析  

Pollution characteristics and sources apportionment of volatile organic compounds in Lin’an District,Hangzhou

作　　者：马勤 许振波 杨冰雪 沈磊 沈叶民 MA Qin;XU Zhenbo;YANG Bingxue;SHEN Lei;SHEN Yemin(Lin’an Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Hangzhou,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311399;Zhejiang Environmental Science Reseach Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310000;Zhejiang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310012)

机构地区：[1]杭州市临安生态环境监测站,浙江杭州311399 [2]浙江环科环境研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310000 [3]浙江省生态环境监测中心,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第8期1150-1155,1175,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：杭州市科技发展项目(No.202203B23);浙江省生态环境科研和成果推广项目(No.2020HT0048)。

摘　　要：为探究杭州市临安区大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染特征,于2021年12月至2022年10月对临安区VOCs组分进行连续在线监测,分析了VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP),并利用正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型对VOCs的主要排放源进行解析。结果表明,观测期间临安区大气总VOCs(TVOCs)的平均体积分数为46.57×10^(-9),TVOCs中占比最高的是含氧有机物(36.72%)。TVOCs呈现出冬季(53.14×10^(-9))>春季(47.46×10^(-9))>夏季(43.83×10^(-9))>秋季(38.16×10^(-9))的季节变化特征。观测期间,VOCs的总OFP为175.42μg/m3,芳香烃和烯烃对OFP有较大的贡献,贡献率分别为42.41%和37.60%。源解析结果表明,机动车排放源和液化天然气/石油气使用源是临安区VOCs的主要来源,而有机溶剂/油气挥发源对VOCs的OFP贡献率最大;控制临安区臭氧污染需要重点关注当地有机溶剂使用、油气挥发、液化天然气/石油气使用和机动车排放等问题。To study the pollution characteristics of atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in Lin’an District,Hangzhou,a long-term monitoring of VOCs components in Lin’an District was conducted from December 2021 to October 2022.The chemical composition and ozone formation potential(OFP)of VOCs were analyzed,and the main sources of VOCs were resolved by positive matrix factorization(PMF)model.The results showed that the average volumetric concentration of atmospheric total VOCs(TVOCs)in Lin’an District was 46.57×10^(-9).The highest contribution to TVOCs was oxygenated organic compounds(36.72%).VOCs showed obvious seasonal variations,exhibiting winter(53.14×10^(-9))>spring(47.46×10^(-9))>summer(43.83×10^(-9))>autumn(38.16×10^(-9)).The total OFP of VOCs was 175.42μg/m^(3)during the whole monitoring period,aromatic hydrocarbons and alkenes contributed more to the OFP,accounting for 42.41%and 37.60%,respectively.The source analysis results showed that vehicle emissions and liquefied natural gas(LNG)/liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)usage sources were the main sources of VOCs in Lin’an District,while the organic solvent/oil and gas evaporation source had the largest contribution to OFP of VOCs.The results of the study suggested that the control of ozone pollution in Lin’an District needed to focus on local organic solvent use,oil and gas volatilization,LNG/LPG usage,and motor vehicle emissions.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 臭氧生成潜势 季节变化 源解析 关键物种 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]