基于SWAT模型的釜溪河流域非点源污染负荷模拟研究  

Simulation of non-point source pollution load in the Fuxi River Basin based on SWAT model

作　　者：刘伟[1] 李逢港 李沁芮 杜孟 汪嘉杨[1] LIU Wei;LI Fenggang;LI Qinrui;DU Meng;WANG Jiayang(College of Resources and Environment,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu Sichuan 610225)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学资源环境学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第8期1176-1182,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：四川省科学技术厅“丝路经济带”生态脆弱区产业耗水效应及水资源承载力研究(No.2021JDR0131);四川省科学技术厅四川省典型流域水环境动态管理体系研究(No.2017SZ0174)。

摘　　要：非点源污染是流域污染主要来源之一。利用SWAT模型模拟分析釜溪河流域非点源氮磷污染负荷特征并识别关键源区,通过设置8种情景并结合SWAT模型评估各情景对非点源污染负荷的削减效果。结果显示:总磷、总氮及径流的率定验证结果均达到相关系数(R2)≥0.6、纳什系数(E_(ns))≥0.5,表明SWAT模型的模拟值与观测值有较高的一致性。流域非点源污染负荷雨季高于旱季,下游大于上游,并确定8、9、11、13、14号子流域为关键源区。流域尺度上各情景对关键源区非点源污染负荷的削减率表现为:情景8(10 m植被缓冲带)>情景7(5 m植被缓冲带)>情景6(植草水道)>情景5(残茬覆盖)>情景3(化肥减施10%)>情景4(免耕)>情景2(化肥减施5%)。10 m植被缓冲带削减率可达30%,残茬覆盖、化肥减施10%削减率大于10%,而免耕及化肥减施5%削减率大多低于10%。Non-point source pollution is one of the main pollution sources of basin pollution.Based on the SWAT model,the non-point source pollution load characteristics of the Fuxi River Basin were simulated,and the key source areas of the basin were identified.By setting 8 scenarios and combining with the SWAT model,the reduction effect of each scenario on non-point source pollution load was evaluated.The results showed that the simulated values of SWAT model were highly consistent with the measured ones.The calibration results of total phosphorus,total nitrogen and run off achieved R^(2)≥0.6,nash coefficient(E_(ns))≥0.5.The non-point source pollution load in rainy season was higher than that in dry season,and the non-point source pollution load in the downstream of the basin was larger than that in the upstream.Sub-basins 8,9,11,13 and 14 were identified as key source areas.On the basin scale,the reduction rates of non-point source pollution loads in key source areas were ranked as follows:Scenario 8(10 m vegetation buffer zone)>Scenario 7(5 m vegetation buffer zone)>Scenario 6(grass planting waterway)>Scenario 5(residual stubble coverage)>Scenario 3(10%reduction in fertilizer application)>Scenario 4(no tillage)>Scenario 2(5%reduction in fertilizer application).The vegetation buffer zone with a width of 10 m had a reduction rate of 30%for non-point source pollution loads.However,the reduction rate of residual stubble coverage and 10%reduction in fertilizer application was greater than 10%,while the reduction rate of no tillage and 5%reduction in fertilizer application was generally less than 10%.

关 键 词：非点源污染负荷 SWAT模型 情景 模拟 釜溪河流域 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]