全身振动训练对轻度认知障碍老年人跌倒风险干预效果的研究  

Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Reduction of Fall Risks in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

作　　者：彭凤[1] 杨红胜[1] 江园[1] Peng Feng;Yang Hongsheng;Jiang Yuan(The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院第一附属医院,成都610500

出　　处：《成都医学院学报》2023年第4期502-509,共8页Journal of Chengdu Medical College

摘　　要：目的探究全身振动训练(WBVT)干预对轻度认知障碍(MCI)老年人跌倒风险的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年6月在成都医学院第一附属医院就诊的40例MCI老年人,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和WBVT组,每组20例。WBVT组MCI老年人站在振动平台上进行全身振动训练,先后完成屈膝半蹲、宽站蹲、单腿蹲和提踵4个动作,每个动作完成5组,10次/组,25 min/次,3次/周,共计16周;对照组MCI老年人站在处于关闭状态的振动平台上,先后完成屈膝半蹲、宽站蹲、单腿蹲和提踵4个动作,每个动作完成5组,10次/组,25 min/次,3次/周,共计16周。两组MCI老年人分别在训练前后进行平衡力测试、下肢肌力测试、膝踝关节本体感觉测试、下肢神经肌肉反应时间测试、动态步态指数(DGI)、计时起立行走测试(TUGT)和修订版跌倒功效量表(MFES)评价。结果MCI老年人接受WBVT干预后,其平衡能力、下肢肌力、膝踝关节本体感觉和下肢神经肌肉反应时间较干预前均得到明显改善,干预效果也优于对照组(P<0.05);DGI不仅高于训练前,同时也优于对照组(P<0.05);TUGT时间较干预前明显缩短,总评分降低,训练成效也优于对照组(P<0.05);MFES总平均分较干预前和对照组水平均有提高(P<0.05)。结论通过WBVT干预,可以有效改善MCI老年人的平衡能力、关节肌力、本体感觉功能,提高身体姿态控制能力、步态稳定性和平衡功能,是一种适用于降低MCI老年人跌倒风险的干预技术。Objective To investigate the effect of whole-body vibration training(WBVT)on the reduction of fall risks in older adults with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods A total of 40 elderly patients with MCI who were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=20)or a WBVT group(n=20).Patients in the WBVT group performed four movements on the vibration platform,namely knee bending squat,wide standing squat,single leg squat,and heel lifting,with 5 sets for each movement,10 repetitions in each set,25 minutes each time,three times a week for a total of 16 weeks.Patients in the control group performed the same exercise on the platform without vibration.In all participants,the scores for the balance force test,lower extremity muscle strength test,knee and ankle proprioception test,lower extremity neuromuscular reaction time test,dynamic gait index(DGI),timed up and go test(TUGT),and modified fall efficacy scale(MFES)were evaluated before and after the training.Results After the WBVT intervention,the balance force,lower extremity muscle strength,knee and ankle proprioception,and lower extremity neuromuscular reaction time in the older adults with MCI were significantly improved compared with those before the intervention,and the intervention effect in the WBVT group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).DGI in the WBVT group was higher than that before training and better than that in the control group(P<0.05).In the WBVT group,the time of TUGT was significantly shorter than that before the intervention,the total score of TUGT was lower than that before the intervention,and the training effect was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total mean score of MFES in the WBVT group was significantly higher than that before the intervention and that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion WBVT intervention can improve the balance ability,joint muscle strength,proprioception function,body

关 键 词：全身振动训练 轻度认知障碍 老年人 跌倒 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]