避雨栽培对四川盆地春季茄子光合电子传递、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of rain- shelter cultivation on photosynthetic electron transport,yield and quality of eggplant in spring in Sichuan Basin

作　　者：付一峰 张泽锦[2,3] 唐丽 FU Yifeng;ZHANG Zejin;TANG Li(The Open University of Sichuan,Chengdu 610073,Sichuan,China;Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Vegetables,Pengzhou 611934,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川开放大学,成都610073 [2]蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室·四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,成都610066 [3]四川省蔬菜工程技术研究中心,四川彭州611934

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第8期12-18,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：“十四五”四川省蔬菜育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0022);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川蔬菜创新团队[川农函(2019)427号]。

摘　　要：为了研究避雨栽培对四川盆地春季茄子光合性能、产量及品质的影响,以茄子品种黑冠为试材,设置避雨处理和露地CK,测定2个处理中的光照和温度环境参数、茄子叶片叶绿素荧光参数、茄子花激素含量、产量及品质指标。结果表明,避雨栽培降低了光照有效辐射强度,为露地栽培的75.1%;改变了光质组成,紫外光和远红光分别比露地降低11.9%和提高4.6%;对栽培温度的影响较小;与露地相比,避雨栽培后叶片中的叶绿素含量和花青素含量降低,分别是露地栽培的81.9%和20.0%,光合电子传递性能下降,PSII的量子产量[Y(II)]和相对电子传递速率[ETR(II)]分别是露地栽培的64.3%和64.4%;茄子花中生成玉米素核苷代谢通路中Sme00717基因下调,导致玉米素核苷含量降低,是露地栽培的19.0%,此外异戊烯腺嘌呤核苷含量也低于露地栽培;单株产量和可溶性糖、维生素C含量均低于露地栽培,单株产量降低了63.3%。综合分析,栽培光环境的改变导致茄子光合电子传递能力和花中2种细胞分裂激素含量的降低,最终导致了产量和品质的下降。To research the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on the photosynthetic performance,yield and quality of spring eggplant in the Sichuan Basin,the eggplant Heiguan was used as test material,the rain-shelter and open-field control were set up to determine the environmental parameters,such as light,temperature,as well as other indexes,such as the chloro-phyll fluorescence parameters of leaves,flower hormones,yield and quality.The results showed that compared with open field,rain-shelter cultivation reduced the effective radiation intensity of light,which was 75.1%of that in the open field cultivation;changed the light composition of ultraviolet light and far-red light,which were 11.9%lower and 4.6%higher than open field,respectively;nonetheless,the impact on the cultivation temperature was small;the contents of chlorophyll and anthocyanin in the leaves decreased and the photosynthetic electron transport performance decreased as well,which turned to 81.9%and 20.0%of the open field cultivation,respectively.The quantum yield of PSII[Y(II)]and relative elec-tron transfer rate[ETR(II)]turned to 64.3%and 64.4%,respectively;the down-regulation of Sme00717 gene in the ze-atin nucleoside metabolic pathway in the flowers led to the decrease of zeatin nucleoside content,turned to 19.0%.In addi-tion,the content of Isopentene adenine nucleoside was also lower than that of open field cultivation;the yield per plant and quality indexes like the soluble sugar,vitamin C and anthocyanin also decreased,on which the former reduced by 63.3%.Comprehensive analysis showed that the changes in the cultivation light environment resulted in the decrease of photosynthetic electron transport and two cytokinins in eggplant flowers,which ultimately led to the decrease of yield and quality.

关 键 词：茄子 避雨栽培 四川盆地 光合电子传递 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]