多方临时上诉仲裁安排第一案对WTO争端解决机制改革的意义  

The First Case under Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement and Its Implications for the Reform of WTo Dispute Settlement System

作　　者：胡建国[1] HU Jianguo

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2023年第3期115-137,共23页Wuhan University International Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“跨国补贴的法律规制与中国应对研究”(22BFX106);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“WTO上诉机构成员遴选法律问题研究”(63192246)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国、欧盟等WTO成员建立的多方临时上诉仲裁安排(MPIA),吸收借鉴了旨在回应美国对上诉机构部分“关切”的沃克方案的相关建议。哥伦比亚—冷冻薯条案是MPIA付诸实践的第一案,其不仅检验了MPIA的创新性制度安排,而且明确偏离了上诉机构针对《反倾销协定》第17.6(ii)条采取的顺次方法。该案及土耳其—药品案仲裁庭还以澄清方式偏离了上诉机构的另外两项裁决。就WTO争端解决机制改革而言,应积极灵活运用MPIA创新性设置的程序性和实质性措施提议机制;在先例问题上,明确偏离上诉机构裁决应遵循“强有力理由”标准,但可以谨慎通过澄清方式偏离并完善部分上诉机构裁决;此外还应优化WTO裁决的表述方式。The Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement(MPIA),which were established by a number of WTO members including China and the European Union,has absorbed and drawn on the relevant proposals of the Walker Plan aiming at responding to some 66 of the United States about the Ap-concerns"pellate Body.The Colombia-Frozen Fries case is the first case putting MPIA into effect,which not only tested the innovative institutional arrangements of MPIA,but also clearly deviated from the sequential approach adopted by the Appellate Body with respect to Article 17.6(ii)of the Anti-Dumping Agreement.The arbitral tribunals in this case and the Turkey-Pharmaceutical Products(EU)case also deviated from the other two rulings of the Appellate Body by way of clarification.In terms of the reform of the WTO dispute settlement system,the procedural and substantive measures proposal mechanism set up innovatively by the MPIA should be actively and flexibly applied.On the issue of precedents,clear deviation from the Appellate Body's rulings should follow the standard of"cogent reasons",but some rulings of the Appellate Body can be prudently deviated from and improved by means of clarification.In addition,the phrasing of WTO rulings should also be optimized.

关 键 词：多方临时上诉仲裁安排 DSU第11条诉请 偏离先例WTO 争端解决机制 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学]