2014-2021年广东省深圳市流行性感冒流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shenzhen,Guangdong province,2014-2021

作　　者：王昕[1] 武伟华[1] 刘慧[1] 孙颖 房师松[1] Wang Xin;Wu Weihua;Liu Hui;Sun Ying;Fang Shisong(Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《疾病监测》2023年第7期776-780,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委员会项目(No.JCYJ20180307102005105,No.KCXFZ20211020172545006)。

摘　　要：目的研究和探索深圳市流行性感冒(流感)流行规律,为流感预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法收集深圳市2014—2021年流感样病例(ILI)监测和病原学监测数据进行统计分析。结果深圳市2014—2021年共监测到ILI 1363262例,ILI百分比(ILI%)为4.09%,2021年的ILI%最高(4.85%),2017年的ILI%最低(3.60%)。共采集了ILI咽拭子标本38010份,分离出3438株流感病毒(阳性率9.04%),其中甲型H1N1亚型最多(1053株,占30.63%),其次是A(H3N2)亚型(1038株,占30.19%),然后是乙型Victoria系(741株,占21.55%)和乙型Yamagata系(606株,占17.63%)。2014、2015和2019年每年出现冬春季和夏季流感高峰,2016年出现冬春季和秋季高峰,2017年为春夏季高峰,2018年为冬春季高峰。2020—2021年流感流行水平较低,2021年秋季出现了流感流行。流感病毒阳性率最高的是春季为12.47%,其次为冬季(11.73%)和夏季(8.61%),秋季最低(3.12%)。结论深圳市2014—2019年4种流感病毒亚型交替流行,流感病毒的流行季节是春季,冬季和夏季,秋季为低流行期。甲型流感病毒的流行强度高于乙型流感病毒。2020—2021年流感流行水平较低。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shenzhen and provide evidence for prevention and control of influenza.Methods The surveillance data of influenza like illness(ILI)and etiological surveillance data were collected in Shenzhen from 2014 to 2021 for a statistical analysis.Results A total of 1363262 ILI cases were reported in Shenzhen from 2014 to 2021 with ILI rate of 4.09%.The proportion of ILI cases was highest in 2021(4.85%)and lowest in 2017(3.60%).A total of 38010 swabs were collected from ILI cases,from which 3438 influenza virus strains were isolated and identified with a positive rate of 9.04%,including 1053 strains of influenza A(H1N1)virus(30.63%),1038strains of influenza A(H3N2)virus(30.19%),741 strains of influenza B virus Victoria-lineage(21.55%)and 606 strains of influenza B virus Yamagata-lineage(17.63%).There were winter-spring and summer incidence peaks in 2014,2015 and 2019.There were winter-spring and autumn incidence peaks in 2016.There was spring-summer incidence peak in 2017.There was winter-spring incidence peak in 2018.The influenza activity level was low during 2020-2021 except an autumn influenza epidemic in 2021.The positive rate of influenza virus detection was highest in spring(12.47%),followed by winter(11.73%),summer(8.61%)and autumn(3.12%).Conclusion Four types of influenza viruses circulated alternatively as the predominant pathogen in Shenzhen from 2014 to 2019.Influenza activity mainly occurred in spring,winter and summer,rarely in autumn.The incidence intensity of influenza A was stronger than that of influenza B.The influenza activity level was low during2020–2021.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 监测 季节性 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R511.7