2021年宁夏回族自治区银川市流感样病例人鼻病毒感染情况及基因分型研究  

Infection status and genetic characteristics of human rhinovirus in influenza-like illness cases in Yinchuan,Ningxia,2021

作　　者：苏艳艳 王新宁 曹慜 李龙山 司冰倩 裴建新 吴忠兰[2] 马学平[2] 张银豪[2] Su Yanyan;Wang Xinning;Cao Min;Li Longshan;Si Bingqian;Pei Jianxin;Wu Zhonglan;Ma Xueping;Zhang Yinhao(School of Public Health and Management,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China;Dingbian County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dingbian 718699,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004 [3]宁夏环境因素与慢性病控制重点实验室,宁夏银川750004 [4]定边县疾病预防控制中心,陕西定边718699

出　　处：《疾病监测》2023年第7期812-818,共7页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：宁夏重点研发项目(No.2020BEG01001);宁夏回族自治区青年拔尖人才培养工程项目(No.RQ0049)。

摘　　要：目的了解2021年宁夏回族自治区银川市流感样病例人鼻病毒(HRV)感染情况及基因型别,为呼吸道感染有关疾病防治及控制提供依据。方法选取2021年1—12月银川市2家国家流感监测哨点医院具有呼吸道感染症状的鼻咽拭子样本,通过实时荧光定量反转录聚合酶链式反应法检测,对筛选的HRV阳性样本VP4/VP2区基因扩增测序,使用Mafft软件进行序列比对,MEGA 11.0软件构建亲缘关系进化树,DNA Star软件分析核苷酸和氨基酸同源性。结果1100份样本中,HRV的总检出率为8.00%(88/1100),其中单一HRV感染阳性率为7.64%(84/1100),合并其他病毒感染阳性率为0.36%(4/1100)。对扩增的57例VP4/VP2基因序列分析,其中A种40例、B种4例、C种13例,涉及28个血清型,A16血清型感染病例最多。HRV-A序列之间的核苷酸(氨基酸)同源性为73.10%~100.00%(78.40%~100.00%),HRV-B为78.50%~98.30%(89.20%~100.00%),HRV-C为68.90%~100.00%(76.10%~100.00%)。结论HRV是引起2021年银川市急性上呼吸道感染患者主要的病毒性病原之一,感染率较高,呈现以HRV-A感染为主,HRV-C次之的多个血清型共流行特点。Objective To investigate the infection status and genetic characteristics of human rhinovirus(HRV)in influenza-like illness cases in Yinchuan,Ningxia Hui autonomous region,in 2021,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of respiratory tract diseases.Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs of the cases with respiratory tract infection symptoms were selected from two national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Yinchuan from January to December 2021.HRVpositive samples by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were amplified and sequenced for VP4/VP2region genes of HRV.Sequence alignment was performed by using software Mafft,software MEGA 11.0 was used to construct phylogenetic tree,and software DNAStar was used for nucleotide acid and amino acid homology analyses.Results Among the 1100 samples,the overall detection rate of HRV was 8.00%(88/1100),the positive rate of HRV was7.64%(84/1100),and the co-positive rate of HRV and other viruses was 0.36%(4/1100).The amplified VP4/VP2 gene sequence analysis on HRV from 57 cases showed that 40 cases were infected with HRV-A,4 cases were infected with HRV-B and 13 cases were infected with HRV-C.A total of 28 serotypes were detected,and A16 was the most common serotype.The nucleotide homology and amino acid homology were 73.10%–100.00%and 78.40%–100.00%in the sequences of HRV-A,78.50%–98.30%and 89.20%–100.00%in the sequences of HRV-B,and 68.90%–100.00%and 76.10%–100.00%in the sequences of HRV-C,respectively Conclusion The infection rate of HRV was high in Yinchuan in 2021,indicating that it was one of the main viral pathogens causing acute upper respiratory tract infection.HRV-A was predominant,followed by HRV-C,and multiple serotypes were involved.

关 键 词：人鼻病毒 VP4/VP2基因区 血清型 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R373