三维散射声波远探测测井裂缝评价的物理模拟  

Experimental Simulation of Fracture Evaluation Based on Borehole 3D Scanning Acoustic Imaging Using Scattered Waves

作　　者：赵腾 车小花[1,2] 乔文孝 程路[1,2] 卢俊强 门百永 Zhao Teng;Che Xiaohua;Qiao Wenxiao;Cheng Lu;Lu Junqiang;Men Baiyong(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Earth Prospecting and Information Technology,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]北京市地球探测与信息技术重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《地球科学》2023年第7期2703-2717,共15页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.12274465,42174218);中石油战略合作科技专项长庆专项(No.ZLZX2020-02).

摘　　要：现有的远探测声波测井主要利用了反射波信息,这不利于井旁地层中裂缝的高分辨率成像,而基于散射波的探测方法才有可能获得更高分辨率的测量结果.提出一种三维散射声波远探测扫描成像方法及结合平面扫描成像和球面扫描成像的技术实现方案,采用薄铝板来模拟井旁地层裂缝,在大水面湖中开展了方位远探测声波测井水下物理模拟实验,用本文提出的反演成像技术处理了实验数据.数据处理结果表明,三维散射声波远探测扫描成像方法能够提高成像信噪比、分辨率和探测范围,较准确地估计井旁裂缝的径向距离、方位、倾角、尺度和深度等参数;与3D-STC和Beamforming方法相比,基于散射波的扫描成像方法不必假设回波信号为平面波,提高了井旁裂缝方位定位准确性.本文方法有望突破目前远探测声波测井技术的局限性,具有良好的应用前景.Conventional borehole acoustic imaging mainly uses reflected waves,which is not conducive to high-resolution imaging of fractures in the formation beside wells,while it is possible to obtain higher-resolution measurements using detection methods based on scattered waves.The research presented in this paper develops an inversion method that uses scattered waves for borehole 3D acoustic imaging and proposes an implementation scheme that combines plane and spherical scanning imaging.Using thin aluminum plate to simulate formation fractures,the underwater physical simulation experiment of borehole azimuthal acoustic imaging was carried out in the lake,and the experiment data were processed by the inversion method proposed in this paper.The data processing results show that the proposed inversion method using scattered waves for borehole 3D acoustic imaging can improve the imaging signal-to-noise ratio,resolution,enhance the detection range,and accurately estimate the parameters such as radial distance,azimuth,dip angle,scale and depth of fractures.In contrast with the 3D slowness time coherence(STC)and beamforming methods,the proposed method does not assume that the echo signal is a plane wave,which improves the azimuth positioning accuracy of fractures.It is expected to break through the limitations of conventional borehole acoustic imaging and has great practical application potential.

关 键 词：散射波 裂缝评价 物理模拟 空间扫描成像 远探测声波测井. 

分 类 号：P631.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]