金属滤袋除尘器流场特征研究和优化  

Study on Flow Field Characteristics and Optimization of Metal Fiber Filter

作　　者：颜翠平[1,2] 李世龙 毛文浩[1,2] 敬杰 范俊哲 李红 YAN Cuiping;LI Shilong;MAO Wenhao;JING Jie;FAN Junzhe;LI Hong(School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621000,China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621000 [2]固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第7期142-152,共11页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号52204286)。

摘　　要：在矿山、冶金等行业中,金属滤袋除尘器因其体积小、能在更高过滤风速下使用而得到广泛应用。而高过滤风速状态下的金属滤袋除尘器内部流场存在过滤气流紊乱、流场分布不均匀等问题,导致滤袋顶端粉尘堆积、清灰失效,限制了其稳定运行及优势发挥。采用流体动力学软件CFD-Fluent对高过滤风速状态下除尘器内部流场进行数值模拟发现,当进风速度由4.5 m/s增至8.9 m/s时,滤袋上部处理风量增幅由1.97%增至4.76%,流场分布均匀性较差。据此,设计并制作了Ⅰ型导流板(2块矩形板,对齐滤袋放置)和Ⅱ型导流板(3块矩形板,对齐滤袋间隔放置),并将每种导流板模型与水平面呈0°、10°、20°放置。通过对比分析6种优化方案下的气流运动特性、滤袋表面速度以及流量分配系数,进行了流场均匀性优化评价。结果表明:(1)Ⅱ型导流板安装模型优化效果优于Ⅰ型,随着安装角度增大,滤袋底部受到气流冲击增大,优化效果逐渐减弱;(2)Ⅱ-0型导流板优化效果最佳,能使滤袋表面平均速度标准差降至0.209 8,降幅47.4%,使流场综合流量不均幅值降至0.003 4,降幅69.2%。上述研究结果为金属滤袋除尘器在高过滤风速下处理烟气时的结构优化设计提供了理论依据。In industries such as mining and metallurgy,metal fiber filter are widely used due to their small size and ability to operate at higher filtration velocity.However,under high filtration velocity conditions,the internal flow field of the metal fiber filter has problems such as disordered filtration airflow and uneven distribution of flow field,leading to dust accumulation at the top of the filter bag and ineffective cleaning,which limits the stable operation and advantages of the metal fiber filter.The fluid dynamics software CFD-Fluent was used to numerically simulate the flow field in the dust collector with high filtration velocity.The results indicated that when the inlet air velocity increased from 4.5 m/s to 8.9 m/s,the increase in the processing air volume at the upper part of the filter bag increased from 1.97%to 4.76%.The distribution uniformity of flow field is poor.Accordingly,the typeⅠdeflector(2 rectangular plates,aligned with the filter bag)and typeⅡdeflector(3 rectangular plates,aligned with the filter bag at intervals)were designed and manufactured,and each deflector model is placed at 0°,10°and 20°with the horizontal plane.The uniformity of flow field was evaluated by comparing and analyzing the flow characteristics,the surface velocity of filter bag and the flow distribution coefficient under 6 optimization schemes.The results show that:①The optimization effect of the installation model of typeⅡdeflector is better than that of typeⅠ,with the increase of the installation angle,the impact of air flow on the bottom of the filter bag increases,and the optimization effect gradually weakens.②TypeⅡ-0 deflector can reduce the standard deviation of the average velocity on the surface of the filter bag to 0.2098,a decrease of 47.4%,and the uneven amplitude of the comprehensive flow field to 0.0034,a decrease of 69.2%.The above results provide a theoretical basis for the structural optimization design of metal fiber filters when treating flue gas at high filtration velocity.

关 键 词：金属滤袋除尘器 过滤风速 数值模拟 流场优化 

分 类 号：TD727[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]