羊肚菌种植区重金属污染评价及膳食健康风险分析  

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination and Dietary Health Risk Analysis in the CultivationArea of Morchella

作　　者：曾庆兰 吴迪[2] 杨珍 普福敏 向美 刘晓媛 ZENG Qinglan;WU Di;YANG Zhen;PU Fumin;XIANG Mei;LIU Xiaoyuan(Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Information System and Ecological Environment Protection,Guiyang 550001,China;Analysis and Testing Center of Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Guizhou Province Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学分析测试中心,贵州贵阳550001 [3]贵州省土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第7期261-267,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：黔农科院青年基金项目(编号:黔科合[2019]3007);黔科合服企项目(编号:[2021]1号);贵州省科技计划项目(编号:黔科合LH[2016]7204号);贵州省教育厅125项目(编号:黔教合重大专项字2015[043]);贵州省科研机构服务企业行动计划项目(编号:黔科合服企[2018]4002-2)。

摘　　要：为了解羊肚菌及种植区的重金属污染状况,以贵州羊肚菌种植区为研究对象,采集土壤和羊肚菌果实样品,测定样品中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Cr、Hg、As的含量,利用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数、潜在生态风险指数对羊肚菌种植区土壤重金属污染程度进行评价;通过目标危害系数对羊肚菌中重金属的膳食健康风险进行评估。结果表明:3个种植区土壤及羊肚菌中均存在不同程度的重金属积累与超标现象。内梅罗综合污染指数表明:A、B、C种植区分别有12.09%、4.57%、7.20%的点位处于轻度污染级别;潜在生态风险指数结果表明:A、C种植区属于中等潜在风险级别,A种植区属于轻微潜在生态风险级别;目标危害系数表明:3个种植区羊肚菌的食用不会对成人造成膳食健康风险,但A种植区中儿童食用羊肚菌,会存在一定的As健康风险,C种植区中儿童食用羊肚菌,会存在一定的Hg健康风险。羊肚菌种植区后续种植羊肚菌应注意对土壤重金属污染的管控,并加强对种植区周边环境的关注和管理。In order to understand the heavy metal pollution status of morchella and planting areas,soil and morchella fruit samples were collected from Guizhou morchella planting area,the content of Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn,Cr,Hg and As in the samples was measured,and the degree of heavy metal pollution in the soil in the morchella planting area was evaluated by using the one-factor pollution index,the Nemero comprehensive pollution index and the Hakanson potential ecological index.The dietary health risk of heavy metals in morchella was then assessed using the target hazard quotient.The results showed that there were different degrees of heavy metal accumulation and exceeding the standard in the soil and morels in the soil and morels in the three planting areas.The comprehensive pollution index of Nemero showed that 12.09%,4.57%and 7.20%of the planting areas of A,B and C are at the level of mild pollution respectively.The results of the Hakanson potential ecological index showed that the A and C planting areas belong to the medium potential risk level,and the A planting area belongs to the slight potential ecological risk level.The target hazard quotient indicated that the consumption of morchella in the three planting areas will not pose a dietary health risk to adults,but there will be certain As health risks for children eating it in the A planting area.Children in the C planting area consume it,there will be certain Hg health risks.The subsequent planting of morchella in morchella planting areas should pay attention to the control of soil heavy metal pollution,and strengthen the attention and management of the surrounding environment of the planting area.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 土壤 重金属 污染评价 生态风险 健康风险 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53