仅利用Crab脉冲星的径向/横向测距方法  

Radial/Transverse Distance Measurement Approach Using the Crab Pulsar Only

作　　者：刘劲[1] 贾运泽 王奕迪[2] 马辛[3] LIU Jin;JIA Yunze;WANG Yidi;MA Xin(School of Information Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Academy of Aerospace Sciences,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410003,China;School of Instrumentation Science and Optoelectronics,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学信息科学与工程学院,武汉430081 [2]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410003 [3]北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《宇航学报》2023年第7期1094-1103,共10页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61873196,61501336,61772187);科技创新2030-“量子通信与量子计算机”重大项目(2021ZD0303400)。

摘　　要：针对传统脉冲星测距方法无法在脉冲星横向上定位这一问题,提出了仅使用Crab脉冲星的径向/横向测距方法,从理论上证明了基于脉冲星畸变轮廓的横向测距方法的可行性。除脉冲星到达时间外,该方法测量了脉冲星横面上的可观测方向,即可观测横向方向(OTD)上的位置误差。首先,利用循环互相关法求解脉冲星径向上的脉冲星到达时间;然后,建立横向位置误差下的脉冲星轮廓畸变度模型,并据此确定OTD;最后,利用卡方法求出OTD上的位置误差。实验结果表明,径向/OTD测距法具有实时、高精度等优点,仅利用Crab脉冲星就能在两个方向上实现定位,其径向和OTD上的定位精度分别约为30 m和300 m,计算时间约为1分钟。与传统三颗脉冲星定位方法相比,径向/OTD测距法在仅有两颗脉冲星的情况下三维定位精度提升了17%。To solve the problem that traditional pulsar distance measurement approach cannot provides the positioning information at the transverse direction of pulsar,the radial/transverse distance measurement approach using only the Crab pulsar is proposed in this paper.Theoretically,it is proved that the transverse distance measurement approach based on distorted pulsar profile is feasible.Besides the pulsar time-of-arrival,we also measure the position error at the observable direction on transverse plane of the pulsar,which is defined as the Observable Transverse Direction(OTD).Firstly,the pulsar time-of-arrival at the radial direction of pulsar is estimated by the cyclic cross-correlation.And then,we establish a pulsar profile distortion degree model with respect to transverse position error,and determine the OTD based on this model.Finally,the position error at OTD is estimated by the chi-square approach.Experimental results demonstrate that the radial/OTD distance measurement approach has a high accuracy and real-time,and realizes positioning at two directions using only the Crab pulsar.Its position errors at radial direction and OTD are approximately 30 m and 300 m,respectively,and its computational time is approximately 1 minute.Compared with traditional positioning method using three pulsars,the radial/OTD distance measurement approach improves the accuracy of three-dimensional positioning by 17%under the condition of using only two pulsars.

关 键 词：测距 脉冲星 畸变 到达时间 可观测横向方向 

分 类 号：P128.4[天文地球—天体测量]